2016—2023年赣州市赣县区居民死亡率与死因谱变化趋势分析
刘慧琴 , 刘军胜 , 陈昊星 , 何文鑫 , 罗文云 , 王莹 , 薛花
赣南医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (03) : 242 -247.
2016—2023年赣州市赣县区居民死亡率与死因谱变化趋势分析
Analysis of the trend of mortality and cause of death spectrum changes among residents in Ganxian District, Ganzhou City from 2016 to 2023
目的 了解2016—2023年赣州市赣县区常住居民死亡率与死因谱变化趋势,为制定疾病防控策略提供科学依据。 方法 收集2016—2023年赣县区常住居民死亡个案数据,对人群的粗死亡率、标准化死亡率、死因顺位及年度变化百分比(Annual percent change,APC)等统计指标进行分析。 结果 2016—2023年赣县区常住居民年均粗死亡率为682.63/10万,标化死亡率为626.38/10万,男性居民粗死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性(P<0.05)。全人群(APC=3.252,P=0.006)、男性居民(APC=2.634,P=0.019)和女性居民的粗死亡率(APC=3.977,P=0.003)均呈上升趋势,全人群、男性居民和女性居民的标化死亡率整体未见明显变化趋势。2016—2023年年龄别粗死亡率呈“√”形。前5位死因保持相对稳定,依次为:脑血管疾病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤以及损伤与中毒。全人群和男性居民的前5位死因顺位完全一致,女性居民的前2位死因与他们顺序相反,第3~5位死因顺位一致。分年度看,脑血管疾病从首位降至第二位,而心脏病则从第二位跃居首位。同时,呼吸系统疾病和恶性肿瘤的粗死亡率均呈上升趋势。肺癌和肝癌的粗死亡率均呈上升趋势。肺炎粗死亡率呈上升趋势,尘肺粗死亡率呈下降趋势。自杀粗死亡率呈上升趋势。 结论 赣县区常住居民粗死亡率呈现上升趋势,标化死亡率整体未见明显变化趋势。脑血管病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤等慢性非传染性疾病是影响赣州市赣县区居民健康的主要疾病。赣县区应针对性的开展各项慢性病防控工作,减少慢性病的发病和死亡,提高人群健康水平。
Objective : To understand the trends in mortality rates and cause-of-death spectrum among permanent residents in Ganxian District of Ganzhou City from 2016 to 2023, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating disease prevention and control strategies. Methods Collect death case data of permanent residents in Ganxian District from 2016 to 2023, and statistical indicators such as crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, cause of death order, and annual percentage change (APC) were analyzed. Results The average annual crude mortality rate for permanent residents of Ganxian district in 2016—2023 was 682.63/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 626.38/100 000, with male residents having a higher crude mortality rate and a higher standardized mortality rate than females(P<0.05). Crude mortality rates showed an upward trend across the entire population (APC=3.252, P=0.006), among male residents (APC=2.634, P=0.019), and among female residents (APC=3.977, P=0.003). However, the overall standardized mortality rates for the entire population, male residents, and female residents showed no significant change trend. Age-specific crude mortality rates showed a √ shape from 2016—2023. The top 5 causes of death remained relatively stable, in the following order: cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, respiratory disease, malignant neoplasm, and injury and poisoning. The order of the top 5 causes of death was identical for the whole population and the male population,The top two causes of death among women were reversed, while the order of the 3rd to 5th causes of death remains consistent. On an annual basis, cerebrovascular diseases dropped from the first to the second place, while heart diseases jumped from the second to the first place. At the same time, the crude death rates of respiratory diseases and malignant tumors both showed an upward trend. The crude death rates for lung cancer and liver cancer were both on the rise.The crude mortality rate for pneumonia was on the rise, while that for pneumoconiosis was declining. The crude mortality rate for suicide was also increasing. Conclusion The crude mortality rate among permanent residents in Ganzian District has shown an upward trend, while the standardized mortality rate has not exhibited a significant overall change. Chronic non-communicable diseases, including cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, respiratory system diseases, and malignant tumors, are the primary conditions affecting the health of residents in Ganzian District. Targeted prevention and control measures for chronic diseases should be implemented to reduce their incidence and mortality, thereby improving the health level of the population.
| [1] |
GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators.Global,regional,and national life expectancy,all-cause mortality,and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death,1980-2015:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015[J].Lancet,2016,388(10053):1459-1544. |
| [2] |
王震,孙高峰,文国新.居民死因及其影响因素研究进展[J].现代预防医学,2022,49(9):1684-1688. |
| [3] |
国家卫生和计划生育委员会统计信息中心,中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心.中国死因监测数据集(2016-2021)[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2017-2022. |
| [4] |
中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心.人口死因监测工作指导手册[M].北京:中国人口出版社,2017. |
| [5] |
北京协和医院世界卫生组织国际分类家族合作中心.疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类第十次修订本[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2008. |
| [6] |
朱细红,周文红,刘生萍, |
| [7] |
饶裕莲.南昌市湾里区2014~2017年居民死因监测与疾病负担分析[D].南昌:南昌大学,2019. |
| [8] |
曾成琴,杨倩,江家云.2014-2023年云南省昆明市五华区居民死因监测结果分析[J].卫生软科学,2024,38(10):79-83. |
| [9] |
李相武,李金玲.2019—2022年长沙市芙蓉区死因流行病学分析[J].实用预防医学,2024,31(9):1121-1123. |
| [10] |
来亦超,王严,李镇宁, |
| [11] |
李明,曾晶,祁冰洁, |
| [12] |
祁冰洁,曾晶,胥馨尹, |
| [13] |
郑慧永,詹杏冰,孟超成.广州市花都区赤坭镇2021—2023年居民死因监测分析[J].中国农村卫生,2024,16(10):57-59. |
| [14] |
王新梅,李天玺,施正仙, |
| [15] |
汤煜书,由金玲,刘韫宁, |
| [16] |
胡美娜,张颖.北京市海淀区围产儿死亡特征与干预 措施探讨[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2017,28(1):29-31. |
| [17] |
王健.2011-2021年无锡市梁溪区婴儿死亡因素分析[J].江苏卫生事业管理,2024,35(3):441-445. |
| [18] |
刘芸,蓝剑,谢昌平, |
| [19] |
孙青.山东省龙口市2020—2022年居民死因监测分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2024,30(2):152-155. |
| [20] |
凌鑫,林秀文,张莹, |
| [21] |
陈小娜,颜玮,赵军, |
| [22] |
王建新,王亚雪,朱静, |
| [23] |
李纪宾,邹小农.《2016年中国癌症发病和死亡情况》解析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2023,13(1):45-47. |
| [24] |
郑晓红,钱华,赵宜丽, |
| [25] |
张秋菊,张黎波.2018—2023年天津市河西区居民伤害死亡流行特征分析[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2025,33(8):637-640. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |