赣南地区1 910例孕妇脊髓性肌萎缩症携带者筛查及产前诊断分析
肖琳 , 骆福裕 , 谢清 , 陈俊坤
赣南医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4) : 332 -335.
赣南地区1 910例孕妇脊髓性肌萎缩症携带者筛查及产前诊断分析
Analysis of spinal muscular atrophy carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis in 1 910 pregnant women in Southern Jiangxi Region
目的 脊髓性肌萎缩症(Spinal muscular atrophy, SMA)是一种遗传性神经肌肉疾病,主要由运动神经元存活基因1(Survival motor neuron 1, SMN1)基因突变引起,探究赣南地区孕妇SMA致病基因携带率并分析SMA携带者筛查和产前诊断的意义。 方法 采用PCR-溶解曲线法,对赣南地区1 910例健康孕妇的全血样本进行检测,确定SMN1基因外显子7(E7)与外显子8(E8)的拷贝数。根据检测结果,对携带者配偶进一步行SMN1基因检测。若夫妻双方均为SMA携带者,通过多重连接探针扩增技术(Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification,MLPA)进行胎儿产前诊断。 结果 在1 910例孕妇中共检出SMN1基因突变携带者32例,携带率为1.68%。其中,E7和E8杂合缺失28例,E7杂合缺失4例。检出夫妻双方携带的高风险夫妇4对,针对遗传高危人群开展产前分子诊断,检测出胎儿E7、E8区域纯合缺失1例,终止妊娠;E7和E8杂合缺失、E7杂合缺失各1例,E7、E8未缺失1例,继续妊娠。 结论 本研究揭示了赣南地区的SMA致病基因携带率,对高危胎儿进行产前诊断,可有效避免SMA患儿的出生。
Objective : Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disorder primarily caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. This study aimed to investigate the carrier rate of SMA among pregnant women in Southern Jiangxi Region and analyze the significance of carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis. Methods A total of 1 910 healthy pregnant women from Southern Jiangxi Region were enrolled. Copy numbers of SMN1 gene exons 7 (E7) and 8 (E8) were detected in whole blood samples using PCR melting curve analysis. Spouses of identified carriers underwent subsequent SMN1 gene testing. If both partners were SAM carriers, prenatal diagnosis of the fetus was performed using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results Among the 1 910 pregnant women, 32 SMA carriers were detected(1.68%), including 28 cases with heterozygous deletions of both E7 and E8, and 4 cases with a heterozygous deletion of E7 only. Four high-risk couples (both partners being carriers) were identified. Prenatal diagnosis for these pregnancies revealed 1 fetus with a homozygous deletion in the E7 and E8 regions,with termination of pregnancy; 1 with heterozygous deletions of both E7 and E8, 1 with a heterozygous deletion of E7 only, and 1 with no deletion detected, pregnancy continued. Conclusion This study revealed the carrier rate of the SMA pathogenic gene in Southern Jiangxi Region. Prenatal diagnosis for high-risk fetuses can effectively prevent the birth of children with SMA.
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赣州市科技计划项目(赣市科发[2019]60号)
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