改良观察-训练-讨论联合微格教学法对ICU护理实习生岗位胜任力的影响
刘朔 , 刘艳华 , 宋琳娣 , 杨洁 , 张晓静
赣南医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8) : 786 -790.
改良观察-训练-讨论联合微格教学法对ICU护理实习生岗位胜任力的影响
Impact of modified observation-training-discussion combined with microteaching on the job competence of ICU nursing interns
目的 探讨改良观察-训练-讨论(Observation-training-discussion,OTD)联合微格教学法对ICU护理实习生岗位胜任力的提升效果。 方法 采用随机对照试验,将60名ICU实习生分为试验组(n=30)与对照组(n=30)。试验组实施改良OTD联合微格教学,对照组采用传统示范教学。通过理论考核、操作考核及多维胜任力量表[自评(包括心理特质、职业发展能力)与他评(包括心理特质、沟通协作、职业发展、评判性思维、临床护理]评估效果。 结果 试验组出科理论成绩高于对照组(88.23±4.52 vs 79.47±5.21,P<0.001);操作考核中单人心肺复苏(89.43±4.01 vs 82.83±4.84,P<0.001)、心电监护(88.07±4.70 vs 81.13±4.64,P<0.001)、吸氧(91.30±3.50 vs 82.77±5.10,P<0.001)、呼吸气囊(90.63±3.15 vs 84.90±4.07,P<0.001)核心项目得分试验组均优于对照组;出科时岗位胜任力总分试验组自评(41.47±3.01 vs 36.80±4.50,P<0.001)与他评(91.60±8.51 vs 81.23±9.38,P<0.001)得分均显著优于对照组,其中评判性思维得分差异最显著(他评:12.33±1.09 vs 10.10±2.09)。 结论 改良OTD联合微格教学法能提升ICU实习生理论水平、操作技能及综合胜任力,对评判性思维等高阶能力的培养具有突出优势,为重症护理教学改革提供参考依据。
Objective To explore the effectiveness of a modified observation-training-discussion(OTD) combined with microteaching in enhancing the job competency of ICU nursing interns. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted, and 60 ICU interns were divided into an experimental group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). The experimental group received modified OTD + microteaching, while the control group received traditional demonstration teaching. The outcomes were evaluated through theoretical assessments, practical skill assessments, and a multidimensional competency scale [self-assessment(covering psychological traits and professional development ability) and peer assessment (assessing psychological traits, communication and collaboration, professional development, critical thinking, and clinical nursing)]. Results The theoretical scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (88.23±4.52 vs 79.47±5.21, P<0.001) at the end of the internship. In practical skill assessments, the experimental group outperformed the control group in core items such as single-person cardiopulmonary resuscitation (89.43±4.01 vs 82.83±4.84, P<0.001), electrocardiography monitoring (88.07±4.70 vs 81.13±4.64, P<0.001), oxygen administration (91.30±3.50 vs 82.77±5.10, P<0.001), and ambu bag use (90.63±3.15 vs 84.90±4.07, P<0.001). At the end of the internship, the total job competency scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group in both self-assessment (41.47±3.01 vs 36.80±4.50, P<0.001) and peer assessment (91.60±8.51 vs 81.23±9.38, P<0.001), with the most significant difference observed in the critical thinking dimension (peer assessment: 12.33±1.09 vs 10.10±2.09). Conclusion The modified OTD combined with microteaching can systematically improve the theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and comprehensive competency of ICU interns, demonstrating significant advantages in cultivating higher-order abilities such as critical thinking, providing empirical evidence for the reform of critical care nursing education.
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