基于红外相机技术的野生环颈雉行为谱及PAE编码系统
陈文琦 , 陈晓冰 , 周一凡 , 李迎春 , 卢宪旺 , 关洪武 , 赵大鹏
野生动物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (04) : 805 -814.
基于红外相机技术的野生环颈雉行为谱及PAE编码系统
Behavioral Ethogram and PAE Coding System of Wild Common Pheasants Based on Camera Trapping Technology
动物行为谱和PAE(posture-act-environment)编码系统的建立有助于行为学数据的科学量化和深度分析。以广布种为研究对象开展此类研究,能为揭示物种行为多样性特点及其生存适应机制奠定重要基础。为科学量化野生环颈雉(Phasianus colchicus)的行为数据,2019年7月—2021年4月,以天津盘山风景名胜区野生环颈雉为研究对象,基于红外相机技术首次建立了该物种野生种群的行为谱及PAE编码系统,并与其圈养种群行为多样性进行比较讨论。共获得野生环颈雉有效照片1 207张,包含有效独立探测首张217张。野生环颈雉行为包括运动、采食、停歇、警戒、育雏和清理6类11种,其中发生频次比例位居前3位的是运动、采食和停歇,相较于圈养环颈雉增加了奔跑和腾飞2种行为。野生环颈雉的PAE编码系统由7种姿势编码、26种动作编码和7种环境编码组成。基于整体数据的分析表明,成年雌性的绝对行为多样性指数(H)、相对多样性指数(r)和校正多样性指数(r-variable)均高于成年雄性和幼体。H和r既无显著季节差异(H:χ2 = 0.667,df = 3,P = 0.881;r:χ2 = 0.000,df = 3,P = 1.000)也无显著性别差异(H:Z = -0.581,P = 0.561;r:Z = -0.866,P= 0.386)。本研究结果可为野生环颈雉的综合保护与管理提供科学依据。
The establishment of animal behavior ethogram and posture-act-environment (PAE) coding system is conducive to the scientific quantification and in-depth analysis of behavioral data. Related research on widespread species could provide critical foundation for elucidating the characteristics of behavioral diversity and survival adaptation mechanisms. To scientifically quantify behavioral data of the wild common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), this study was conducted from July 2019 to April 2021 in Tianjin Panshan Scenic Area. Focused on wild common pheasants firstly establish its behavioral ethogram and PAE coding system for this species using camera trapping technology, and compared with behavioral diversity of captive species. A total of 1 207 valid photographs were captured, including 217 effective independent detections. The behavioral categories of common pheasants consisted of active behavior, feeding behavior, resting behavior, vigilance behavior, parenting behavior, and cleaning behavior, in which active behavior, feeding behavior, and resting behavior being the most frequent. Compared with captive common pheasants, wild ones show increased frequencies of behaviors including running and flying. Its PAE coding system comprises seven posture codes, 26 action codes, and seven environmental codes. Based on the overall data, adult females exhibited higher absolute behavioral diversity indices (H), relative diversity indices (r), and corrected diversity indices (r-variable) compared to adult males and juveniles. No significant seasonal differences were found in H or r (H: χ2 = 0.667, df = 3, P = 0.881; r: χ2 = 0.000, df = 3, P = 1.000), nor were there significant gender differences (H: Z = -0.581, P = 0.561; r: Z = -0.866, P = 0.386). These findings provide valuable insights for the comprehensive conservation management of wild populations of this species.
Common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) / Camera trapping techno-logy / Behavioral ethogram / Posture-act-environment (PAE) coding system
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生物多样性保护重大工程专项项目(2018-02-06-M2019-1)
天津市级大学生创新训练项目(202010065058)
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