中蹄蝠和大足鼠耳蝠斑驳白化现象
Piebaldism in Horsfield’s Leaf-Nosed Bat and Rickett’s Big‐Footed Myotis
斑驳白化是一种由黑色素细胞局部迁移或分化异常所致的遗传性色素减退疾病,在蝙蝠中较为罕见。本研究于2025年7月22日在云南省河口瑶族自治县坝洒农场发现2只雄性成体斑驳白化中蹄蝠(Hipposideros larvatus),一只(YNHK-2025-001)斑驳区域位于左侧翼膜下方,另一只(YNHK-2025-002)则累及大部分翼膜、尾膜、左右胫骨、左右后足及尾骨;于2025年8月24日在江西省广丰区排山镇发现1只雌性成体斑驳白化大足鼠耳蝠(Myotis pilosus),其斑驳区域位于背颈部一侧,面积较小。大足鼠耳蝠斑驳白化现象为国内首次记录。通过测量体质量、前臂长等体型参数及回声定位声波峰频等参数,并与同种正常个体进行比较,结果显示:除1只斑驳白化中蹄蝠的耳宽(YNHK-2025-001)和斑驳白化大足鼠耳蝠的体质量不在正常参考范围外,其余个体的体型和回声定位声波参数均在正常范围内,表明斑驳白化现象未对蝙蝠的发声能力产生显著影响,且未见明显体型发育异常。研究结果可为后续斑驳白化蝙蝠的生理生态机制探究提供量化实证依据。
Piebaldism is an inherited hypo-pigmentary disorder caused by abnormal local migration or differentiation of melanocytes, and it is relatively rare in bats. On July 22, 2025, two adult male Horsfield's leaf-nosed bats (Hipposideros larvatus) exhibiting piebaldism were recorded at Basa Farm, Hekou Yao Autonomous County, Yunnan Province. In one individual (YNHK-2025-001), the depigmented area was confined to the underside of the left wing membrane. In the other specimen (YNHK-2025-002), piebald pigmentation covered most of the wing membranes, the uropatagium, both tibiae, both hind feet and the caudal vertebrae. On August 24, 2025, we captured a female Rickett’s big‐footed myotis (Myotis pilosus) with piebald patches on the lateral side of back and neck at a cave in Guangfeng County, Jiangxi Province. This represents the first record of piebaldism in Rickett’s big‐footed myotis in China. We measured morphological parameters (body mass and forearm length) and echolocation call parameters (peak frequency) of the piebald individuals and compared them with those of conspecific normal individuals. Except for the ear width of one piebald Horsfield's leaf-nosed bat (YNHK-2025-001) and the body mass of the piebald Rickett’s big‐footed myotis, which fell outside the reference ranges of normal individuals, all other morphological parameters and the echolocation parameters were within the normal ranges. These results suggest that piebaldism may not significantly affect the normal survival or vocalization ability of these bats. This study provides quantitative empirical evidence for the future investigations into the physiological and ecological mechanisms underlying piebaldism in bats.
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国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32300392)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32400377)
河北省高等学校科学研究项目(BJ2025044)
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