芳纶橡胶复合材料的阻燃性能分析及改进

Analysis and Improvement of Flame Retardant Properties of Aramid Rubber Composite Materials

摘要

芳纶橡胶复合材料由于其优异的机械性能和耐热性，在航空航天、汽车等领域具有广泛应用。论文以提高芳纶橡胶复合材料的阻燃性能为目标，采用多种阻燃剂进行改性，并分析了不同阻燃剂对复合材料阻燃性能的影响。通过热重分析（TGA）、垂直燃烧实验（UL-94）和氧指数（LOI）测试，评估了改性后的复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能。研究结果表明，添加磷系和氮系阻燃剂显著提高了芳纶橡胶复合材料的阻燃性能，其中磷氮复合阻燃体系表现最佳。在该体系下，复合材料的极限氧指数提高至32%，垂直燃烧试验达到V-0级。此外，热重分析显示，改性后的复合材料在高温下的质量损失率显著降低。论文的研究为芳纶橡胶复合材料在高温环境下的应用提供了理论基础和技术支持。

Abstract

Aramid rubber composite materials have been widely used in aerospace, automotive and other fields due to their excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance. This article aims to improve the flame retardant properties of aramid rubber composite materials, using various flame retardants for modification, and analyzing the effects of different flame retardants on the flame retardant properties of composite materials. The thermal stability and flame retardancy of the modified composite material were evaluated through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vertical combustion experiment (UL-94), and oxygen index (LOI) testing. The research results indicate that the addition of phosphorus based and nitrogen based flame retardants significantly improves the flame retardancy of aramid rubber composites, with the phosphorus nitrogen composite flame retardant system performing the best. Under this system, the ultimate oxygen index of the composite material increased to 32%, and the vertical combustion test reached V-0 level. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis showed that the quality loss rate of the modified composite material was significantly reduced at high temperatures. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of aramid rubber composite materials in high-temperature environments.

关键词

芳纶橡胶复合材料 / 阻燃性能 / 阻燃剂 / 热重分析 / 垂直燃烧试验

Key words

aramid rubber composite material / flame retardant performance / flame retardant / thermogravimetric analysis / vertical combustion test

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