海水介质316L不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂的临界条件分析与预测模型

Analysis and prediction model of critical conditions of stress corrosion cracking of 316L stainless steel in seawater medium

摘要

探讨海水介质中316L不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂机理及临界条件，揭示阳极溶解与氢脆协同作用下的电化学-力学耦合失效机制。环境参数、材料特性及应力状态被确认为主导因素，其交互作用呈现显著非线性特征。基于多参数耦合分析构建预测模型，提出环境调节、材料优化与应力管理的综合防护策略。工程应用需结合临界应力阈值与腐蚀动力学参数，通过焊接工艺优化、表面改性及在线监测实现多维防控，为海洋装备的SCC风险评估与寿命预测提供理论支撑。

Abstract

This study explores the mechanisms and critical conditions of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in 316L stainless steel in seawater environments, revealing the electrochemical-mechanical coupling failure mechanism under the combined effects of anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement. Environmental parameters, material properties, and stress states are identified as the primary influencing factors, with their interactions exhibiting significant nonlinear characteristics. A predictive model is developed through multi-parameter coupling analysis, proposing a comprehensive protective strategy that includes environmental regulation, material optimization, and stress management. In practical applications, it is essential to integrate critical stress thresholds and corrosion kinetics parameters, achieving multi-dimensional prevention and control through optimized welding processes, surface modification, and online monitoring, thereby providing theoretical support for SCC risk assessment and life prediction of marine equipment.

关键词

不锈钢 / 应力腐蚀开裂 / 防护

Key words

stainless steel / stress corrosion cracking / protection

参考文献

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[2] 陈晓明, 吴建波, 刘海涛. 海洋环境下奥氏体不锈钢氢脆敏感性影响因素研究[J]. 材料工程, 2023, 51(8):112-120.

[3] 李明, 赵国强, 周卫东. 基于多场耦合的海洋装备用不锈钢应力腐蚀寿命预测模型[J]. 机械工程材料, 2024, 46(2):45-53.