304不锈钢TIG焊接接头组织与性能分析

Analysis of Microstructure and Properties of 304 Stainless Steel TIG Welded Joints

摘要

本文就304不锈钢TIG焊接工艺参数对焊缝组织性能的影响规律展开系统的研究。通过设计8.5、10.5、12.5kJ/cm三种热输入参数，用金相显微镜，扫描电镜等检测方式，着重考察了接头的微观组织情况，力学性能，耐腐蚀性能。研究结果表明：当热输入为10.5kJ/cm时，焊缝区获得细小均匀的凝固组织，δ-铁素体含量为5.8%，接头综合性能最好，抗拉强度达到625MPa，伸长率35%，腐蚀速率最低（0.85mm/a），过高或过低的热输入都会造成晶粒粗大或性能降低。从结论可以得出，在热输入控制在10-11kJ/cm范围内，可以获得较好的304不锈钢焊接接头综合性能，为工程应用提供了重要工艺依据。

Abstract

This paper systematically studies the influence of TIG welding process parameters on the microstructure and properties of 304 stainless steel welds. By designing three heat input parameters of 8.5, 10.5, and 12.5 kJ/cm, and using metallographic microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, and other detection methods, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the joints were mainly investigated. The research results show that when the heat input is 10.5 kJ/cm, the weld zone obtains fine and uniform solidification structure, with δ-ferrite content of 5.8%, and the comprehensive performance of the joint is the best. The tensile strength reaches 625 MPa, the elongation is 35%, and the corrosion rate is the lowest (0.85 mm/a). Excessive or insufficient heat input will cause coarse grains or performance degradation. From the conclusion, it can be drawn that when the heat input is controlled within the range of 10-11 kJ/cm, better comprehensive performance of 304 stainless steel welded joints can be obtained, providing an important process basis for engineering applications.

关键词

304不锈钢 / TIG焊接 / 微观组织 / 力学性能 / 耐腐蚀性 / 焊接工艺优化

Key words

304 stainless steel / TIG welding / microstructure / mechanical properties / corrosion resistance / welding process optimization

参考文献

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