膏体充填材料流变特性及其对管道输送稳定性影响研究

Study on rheological properties of paste filling materials and their influence on pipeline transportation stability

摘要

为解决金属矿山膏体充填管道输送过程中易出现的堵管、阻力损失过大等问题，本文以全尾砂-废石、提钛炉渣等固废为主要研究对象，通过实验测试与数值模拟相结合的方法，系统探究了膏体充填材料的流变特性及其对管道输送稳定性的影响机制。研究采用流变仪、微型塌落筒等设备，测试了不同尾砂-废石质量比（尾废比）、固体质量分数及添加剂掺量条件下膏体的屈服应力与塑性黏度，构建了考虑时-温效应的流变参数预测模型；基于环管实验与COMSOL数值模拟，分析了管道输送阻力随尾废比、初始流速的变化规律，提出了最优输送参数。结果表明：膏体屈服应力与塑性黏度随固体质量分数和尾废比的增加呈线性增长趋势，在尾废比5∶5时阻力损失达到最小值；初始流速为2.2 m·s^-1时，管道内颗粒运动稳定性最佳，可有效避免堵管风险。研究成果为金属矿山膏体充填管道输送系统的优化设计提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

Abstract

To address the issues of pipeline blockage and excessive resistance loss frequently encountered during the pipeline transportation of paste backfill in metal mines, this study focuses on solid wastes such as full tailings-waste rock and titanium-extracted slag as the primary research subjects. Through a combination of experimental testing and numerical simulation, the rheological properties of paste backfill materials and their influence mechanisms on pipeline transportation stability were systematically investigated. The research employed equipment such as a rheometer and mini-slump cone to measure the yield stress and plastic viscosity of paste under varying tailings-waste rock mass ratios (tailings-to-waste ratio), solid mass fractions, and additive dosages. A rheological parameter prediction model considering time-temperature effects was established using Broussonetia papyrifera. Based on loop-pipe experiments and COMSOL numerical simulations, the variation patterns of pipeline transportation resistance with tailings-to-waste ratio and initial flow velocity were analyzed, leading to the proposal of optimal transportation parameters. The results indicate that the yield stress and plastic viscosity of paste exhibit a linear increasing trend with higher solid mass fractions and tailings-to-waste ratios, with resistance loss reaching its minimum at a tailings-to-waste ratio of 5:5. When the initial flow velocity is 2.2 m·s^-1, particle movement stability within the pipeline is optimal, effectively mitigating the risk of blockage. The findings provide theoretical foundations and technical support for the optimized design of paste backfill pipeline transportation systems in metal mines.

关键词

膏体充填 / 流变特性 / 管道输送 / 屈服应力 / 阻力损失 / 数值模拟

Key words

paste backfill / rheological properties / pipeline transportation / yield stress / resistance loss / numerical simulation

参考文献

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