钢结构虚拟预拼装技术的研究与应用

Research and Application of Virtual Prefabrication Technology for Steel Structures

摘要

随着数字技术的不断发展，以三维激光扫描、建筑信息模型（BIM）和数字孪生为核心的虚拟预拼装技术应运而生。钢结构虚拟预拼装技术就是通过数字化手段模拟结构现场拼装过程，实现“数据代替实物”的预检验与分析，已逐步成为土木工程行业发展的必然趋势。本文系统回顾了虚拟预拼装技术的发展历史，分析了其当前钢结构工程虚拟预拼装技术体系、标准规范、工程应用等方面的现状与挑战，并展望了该技术的发展前景。

Abstract

With the continuous development of digital technologies, virtual pre-assembly techniques centered on 3D laser scanning, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and digital twins have emerged. Steel-structure virtual pre-assembly refers to the use of digital methods to simulate the on-site assembly process of structures, thereby enabling “data to substitute for physical objects” in pre-inspection and analysis. This approach has gradually become an inevitable trend in the development of the civil engineering industry. This paper systematically reviews the historical evolution of virtual pre-assembly technologies, analyzes the current status and challenges of virtual pre-assembly systems, standards and specifications, as well as engineering applications in steel structure projects, and further outlines the future prospects for the development of this technology.

关键词

虚拟预拼装 / 钢结构 / 三维激光扫描 / 数字化施工

Key words

virtual pre-assembly / steel structures / 3D laser scanning / digital construction

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