智能电网输电线路的在线监测技术研究

Research on Online Monitoring Technology of Smart Grid Transmission Lines

摘要

随着全球能源互联网加速建设，智能电网已成为保障能源安全、推动清洁能源消纳的核心基础设施。输电线路作为电网的“动脉”，其运行状态直接影响供电可靠性。传统人工巡检模式存在效率低、覆盖盲区多、响应滞后等问题，难以满足智能电网对实时性、精准性的要求。在此背景下，基于物联网、大数据与人工智能的在线监测技术成为突破瓶颈的关键路径。通过动态感知线路运行参数、提前预警潜在故障，可显著降低非计划停电风险，支撑电网向“自感知、自诊断、自决策”的智能化方向演进。本文先是详细阐述了智能电网输电线路在线监测技术体系，随后从多方面具体分析了输电线路在线监测的核心技术，紧接着具体阐述了在线监测系统的架构设计与优化，最后总结了相关技术应用挑战与对策，以期为相关研究提供有益参考与借鉴。

Abstract

With the accelerated development of the global energy internet, smart grids have become the core infrastructure for ensuring energy security and promoting clean energy integration. As the “arteries” of the power grid, transmission lines directly impact power supply reliability. Traditional manual inspection methods suffer from inefficiency, extensive blind spots, and delayed responses, failing to meet the real-time and precision requirements of smart grids. In this context, online monitoring technologies based on IoT, big data, and AI have emerged as a critical pathway to overcome these challenges. By dynamically monitoring operational parameters and proactively warning of potential faults, these technologies can significantly reduce unplanned outages and support the evolution of power grids toward intelligent capabilities including “self-awareness, self-diagnosis, and self-decision-making.” This paper first elaborates on the technical framework of online monitoring for smart grid transmission lines, then analyzes core technologies from multiple perspectives, followed by detailed discussions on system architecture design and optimization. Finally, it summarizes technical application challenges and countermeasures, aiming to provide valuable references for related research.

关键词

智能电网 / 输电线路 / 在线监测技术

Key words

Smart grid / Transmission line / Online monitoring technology

参考文献

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