基于带阻尼比正弦波法的高加速冲击技术研究

Research on High Acceleration Shock Technology Based on Sine Wave Method with Damping Ratio

摘要

高加速冲击技术在航空航天、兵器装备等领域的可靠性测试中占据核心地位，其冲击载荷的精准复现直接决定测试结果的有效性。针对传统冲击试验方法在载荷波形可控性、阻尼特性匹配度等方面的不足，本文提出将带阻尼比正弦波法应用于高加速冲击技术研究。首先剖析带阻尼比正弦波的力学特性及与高加速冲击载荷的适配性，构建包含阻尼参数的冲击载荷数学模型；其次设计基于该方法的冲击载荷生成策略，通过动力学仿真分析阻尼比、频率等关键参数对冲击响应的影响规律；最后搭建试验系统验证方法的可行性。研究表明，带阻尼比正弦波法可有效调控冲击载荷的峰值、脉宽及衰减特性，提升高加速冲击测试的精准度，为复杂工况下的冲击可靠性测试提供新路径。

Abstract

High acceleration shock technology holds a core position in reliability testing in fields such as aerospace and weapons equipment, where the accurate reproduction of shock loads directly determines the validity of test results. To address the shortcomings of traditional shock test methods in terms of controllability of load waveforms and matching degree of damping characteristics, this paper proposes applying the damped sine wave method to the research of high acceleration shock technology. Firstly, the mechanical characteristics of the damped sine wave and its adaptability to high acceleration shock loads are analyzed, and an impact load mathematical model incorporating damping parameters is constructed. Secondly, an impact load generation strategy based on this method is designed, and through dynamic simulation analysis, the influence rules of key parameters such as damping ratio and frequency on shock response are studied. Finally, an experimental system is built to verify the feasibility of the method. The research shows that the damped sine wave method can effectively regulate the peak value, pulse width, and attenuation characteristics of shock loads, improve the accuracy of high acceleration shock testing, and provide a new path for shock reliability testing under complex conditions.

关键词

带阻尼比正弦波 / 高加速冲击 / 载荷调控 / 可靠性测试 / 动力学仿真

Key words

Damped Sine Wave / High Acceleration Shock / Load Regulation / Reliability Testing / Dynamic Simulation

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