火力发电厂辅机振动故障分析及其处理

Analysis and Treatment of Auxiliary Machine Vibration Fault in Thermal Power Plant

摘要

火力发电厂汽轮机辅机多为连续运行的旋转机械，常见包括给水泵、凝结水泵、循环水泵、真空泵及其驱动电机、润滑与密封油站等，其振动水平直接反映轴系受力、流体工况与基础刚度的综合状态。现场一般在轴承座等非旋转部位布置测点，依据国家标准开展测量与评价，并结合启停与负荷变化识别异常趋势。由于检修质量、管路应力释放、冷态与热态对中偏差等条件不同，同类辅机的振动特征往往不一致。本文归纳火电汽机辅机振动故障的主要致因。本文提出与检修工艺相衔接的处置措施，便于现场快速执行。

Abstract

Auxiliary equipment in thermal power plant steam turbines, primarily comprising feedwater pumps, condensate pumps, circulating water pumps, vacuum pumps, their drive motors, and lubrication/sealing oil stations, are continuous rotating machinery. Their vibration levels directly reflect the combined effects of shaft system stress, fluid dynamics, and foundation rigidity. Field measurement points are typically installed on non-rotating components like bearing housings, with measurements conducted per national standards and anomalies identified through start-stop cycles and load variations. Due to variations in maintenance quality, pipeline stress relief, and cold/hot-state alignment deviations, vibration characteristics of similar auxiliary equipment often differ. This paper identifies the primary causes of vibration faults in thermal power turbine auxiliary equipment and proposes maintenance-integrated troubleshooting measures for rapid field implementation.

关键词

火力发电厂 / 汽轮机辅机 / 振动故障 / 原因分析 / 处理措施

Key words

thermal power plant / steam turbine auxiliary equipment / vibration fault / cause analysis / corrective measures

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