车辆盲区监测（BSD）相关标准规程体系综述

Comprehensive Review of Standards and Regulations Related to Vehicle Blind Spot Detcetion

摘要

所谓车辆盲区是指驾驶员位于正常驾驶座位置，其视线被车体遮挡的区域，该区域内的目标不能被驾驶员观察到。车辆盲区可分为车内盲区和车外盲区，按照相对车辆的位置又可分为前盲区、后盲区、后视镜盲区以及AB柱盲区等。近年来随着汽车保有量的提高，由盲区引起的交通事故数量显著增加，全球每年由机动车盲区引发的交通事故多达50万起。国内外颁布多项车辆盲区监测相关的标准法规，如联合国针对前方、后方和侧方盲区分别颁布了ECE R159、ECE R158以及ECE R151标准。国内出台了针对盲区监测的推荐性国家标准，主流汽车测评规程均将盲区监测相关内容纳入其中。作者解析了不同标准法规的异同点和侧重点并针对盲区监测测试以及系统功能发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract

The so-called blind spot area of a vehicle refers to the area where the driver is in the normal driver’s seat position with their sight obstructed by the vehicle body, and the targets in this area cannot be observed by the driver. Vehicle blind spot area can be categorized into in-car blind spot area and blind spot area out of vehicle. According to the distribution of blind spots, the area can be categorized into front blind spot, rear blind spot, rearview mirror blind spot, and AB pillar blind spot. In recent years, the number of traffic accidents caused by blind spot has significantly risen. According to relevant statistics, there are up to 500,000 accidents worldwide each year caused by blind spot. Several standards and regulations for blind spot detcetion have been issued both domestically and internationally, The United Nations has issued ECE R159, ECE R158, and ECE R151 standards for front, rear, and side blind spots respectively. A recommended China national standard for blind spot detection has been issued, and mainstream regulations incorporate contents about blind spot detcetion system. The author analyzes the similarities and differences, and focuses of different standards and regulations, and provides an outlook on the testing methods and system function development trends of blind spot detection.

关键词

盲区 / 监测 / 法规 / 趋势

Key words

Blind spot / Detection / Standards / Trend

参考文献

[1] 马文博, 陈帅, 赵士舒, 王新明, 许设. 中国汽车 China Auto[J]. 2021(11).

[2] 李阳, 黄庭旭, 何鹏飞. 基于多传感器的车辆盲区探测系统研究[J]. 现代计算机,1522021, 27(23):148-152.

[3] ISO 17387-2008 Intelligent transport systems-Lane change decision aid systems(LCDAS)-Performance requirements and test procedures.

[4] UN ECE R151 Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Blind Spot Information System for the Detection of Bicycles.

[5] UN ECE R158 Uniform provisions concerning the approval of devices for reversing motion and motor vehicles with regard to the driver’s awareness of vulnerable road users behind vehicles.

[6] UN ECE R159 Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to the Moving Off Information System for the Detection of Pedestrians and Cyclists.

[7] GB/T 39265 39265-2020 道路车辆盲区监测(BSD)系统性能要求及试验方法.