基于全生命周期的货运车辆检修周期优化与成本控制研究

Research on Maintenance Cycle Optimization and Cost Control of Freight Vehicles Based on the Whole Life Cycle

摘要

在铁路运输体系里，货运车辆检修制度关乎运输安全、效益与设备寿命。如今铁路现代化发展、货运车辆保有量增加，传统以时间或里程为主的定期检修模式，在经济性与可靠性上存在局限。本文以C80型货运车辆为对象，基于全生命周期理论，从运行状态监测、检修周期优化、成本控制三方面展开分析。通过建立生命周期成本模型与风险分级检修决策模型，量化评估其不同部件失效机理与维护成本。结果表明，采用状态监测与预测性检修结合的周期优化策略，车辆全寿命周期成本降约15%，平均停时减20%，该方案有现实指导意义。

Abstract

In railway transportation systems, the maintenance system for freight vehicles is critical to transport safety, operational efficiency, and equipment longevity. With the modernization of railways and the growing fleet of freight vehicles, the traditional periodic maintenance model—primarily based on time or mileage—has limitations in both cost-effectiveness and reliability. This study focuses on the C80 freight vehicle, applying the full life cycle theory to analyze three key aspects: operational condition monitoring, maintenance cycle optimization, and cost control. By establishing a life cycle cost model and a risk-based maintenance decision-making model, the study quantitatively evaluates the failure mechanisms of different components and their associated maintenance costs. The results demonstrate that adopting a cycle optimization strategy combining condition monitoring and predictive maintenance can reduce the vehicle’s total life cycle cost by approximately 15% and decrease average downtime by 20%. This approach holds practical significance for operational guidance.

关键词

C80货车 / 全生命周期 / 检修周期 / 成本控制 / 状态监测

Key words

C80 truck / Full life cycle / Maintenance cycle / Cost control / Condition monitoring

参考文献

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