适配干旱区环境探索新疆水利规划生态化设计实施路径

Exploring the Implementation Path of Ecological Design for Water Conservancy Planning in Xinjiang by Adapting to the Environment of Arid Regions

摘要

新疆地处我国西北干旱半干旱区，水资源时空分布不均、绿洲生态系统脆弱、农业灌溉需求集中、地下水开采压力较大，使水利规划不再只是供水保障和工程建设问题，而是关系区域生态安全、产业布局优化和人水关系重构的综合治理议题。面向干旱区环境特征，新疆水利规划生态化设计应从“工程优先”转向“水资源承载力约束下的系统协同”，以流域为基本单元，以生态水量保障为底线，以节水控地、优化配置、生态修复和数字化调度为实施支撑，形成适应干旱区自然条件与发展需求的规划实施路径。本文围绕新疆水利规划生态化设计的现实基础、核心内容和实施路径展开分析，旨在为干旱区水利规划从单一供水导向走向生态安全导向提供参考。

Abstract

Xinjiang is located in the arid and semi-arid region of northwest China, with uneven spatial and temporal distribution of water resources, fragile oasis ecosystems, concentrated agricultural irrigation demand, and high pressure on groundwater extraction. This makes water conservancy planning no longer just a matter of water supply guarantee and engineering construction, but a comprehensive governance issue related to regional ecological security, industrial layout optimization, and reconstruction of human water relations. In response to the environmental characteristics of arid areas, the ecological design of water conservancy planning in Xinjiang should shift from “engineering priority” to “system collaboration under the constraint of water resources carrying capacity”, with the watershed as the basic unit, ecological water quantity guarantee as the bottom line, and water conservation and land control, optimized allocation, ecological restoration, and digital scheduling as the implementation support, forming a planning and implementation path that adapts to the natural conditions and development needs of arid areas. This article analyzes the practical basis, core content, and implementation path of ecological design in Xinjiang’s water conservancy planning, aiming to provide reference for water conservancy planning in arid areas to move from a single water supply orientation to an ecological security orientation.

关键词

干旱区 / 新疆水利规划 / 生态化设计 / 水资源配置 / 绿洲生态

Key words

arid region / Xinjiang water conservancy planning / ecological design / water resource allocation / oasis ecology

参考文献

[1] 毛魁智. 新疆某水利枢纽渠首水工模型试验分析[J]. 陕西水利, 2026, (5):151-154.DOI:10.16747/j.cnki.cn61-1109/tv.2026.05.028.

[2] 吴新玉, 关全力. 水利工程造价管理影响农业水价的机理及因素--以新疆于田县R公司农场灌区为例[J]. 农业产业化, 2026, (4):106-108+112.

[3] 李伟强. 水利枢纽工程大坝渗漏入口和渗漏通道的探测--以新疆吉音水利枢纽工程大坝左岸渗漏为例[J]. 广东水利水电, 2026, (4):41-46.

[4] 王淑虹. 新疆昌吉州“十四五”水安全保障规划目标探讨[J]. 水资源开发与管理, 2021, (12):47-52.DOI:10.16616/j.cnki.10-1326/TV.2021.12.10.

[5] 王淑虹. 新疆民丰县水土流失现状及水土保持规划[J]. 新疆农垦科技, 2021, 44 (4):55-57.