榆横矿区深部开采冲击倾向性评价与防冲支护关键技术

Key Technologies for Impact Tendency Assessment and Anti-Impact Support in Medium-Deep Mining Operations at the Yuheng Mining Area

摘要

针对某中深部综采放顶煤工作面埋深适中、厚硬顶板赋存、断层扰动明显及中等冲击显现风险的工程问题，构建了由煤层单轴抗压强度、顶板弹性能指数和煤岩组合冲击能量指数组成的冲击倾向性评价体系，并采用模糊综合评价方法划分风险等级。在此基础上，结合微震事件分布、应力集中系数及采动应力演化特征，识别出断层前后各80 m范围为高危险主控区，回采超前30至100 m范围为中高危险过渡区。针对重点危险区域，提出常规高强度锚杆、大直径锚索联合支护与卸压爆破协同控制方案。

Abstract

Addressing the engineering challenges of a medium-deep comprehensive mining face with a thick, hard roof, significant fault disturbances, and moderate impact risks, a hazard tendency evaluation system was developed, comprising the coal seam’s uniaxial compressive strength, the roof elastic performance index, and the coal-rock combined impact energy index. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was employed to classify risk levels. Based on this framework, and considering microseismic event distribution, stress concentration coefficients, and mining-induced stress evolution patterns, the study identified an 80-meter zone both upstream and downstream of faults as high-risk main control zones, while the area extending 30 to 100 meters ahead of mining operations constitutes a medium-to-high-risk transition zone. For these critical hazardous areas, a coordinated control strategy combining conventional high-strength bolt and large-diameter cable support with pressure-relief blasting was proposed.

关键词

中深部开采 / 冲击地压 / 模糊综合评价 / 卸压爆破 / 锚杆锚索支护

Key words

medium-deep mining / rockburst / fuzzy comprehensive evaluation / pressure relief blasting / bolt and cable support

参考文献

[1] 王春刚, 王文忠, 白俊杰, 卢建平, 周浩, 陆闯. 榆横矿区深井厚硬顶板地面水力压裂防冲机理与工程应用[J]. 煤炭工程, 2025, 57(10):53-59.

[2] 杨光宇, 徐刚, 梁士昌, 陆闯, 王宾昌, 靳心, 盛鹏飞. 厚硬顶板地面水力压裂防冲应用及效果分析[J]. 煤炭工程, 2025, 57(10):29-36.

[3] 张全平, 郝英豪, 霍永金, 赵乾, 巩思园, 张汝佩. 深部厚覆岩矿井强震震源机制与诱冲能力评估[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2025, 53(03):412-422.

[4] 徐刚, 张震, 蔺星宇, 陆闯, 张春会. 深部矿井厚硬顶板地面水力压裂目标岩层确定方法与应用[J]. 煤炭工程, 2025, 57(10):1-10.

[5] 赵学军, 李润芝. 深部矿区强扰动工作面沿空留巷支护技术研究[J]. 能源与环保, 2024, 46(12):8-12.