基于振动分析的汽轮发电机组轴系故障诊断与动平衡校正技术应用

Application of fault diagnosis and dynamic balance correction technology of turbine generator set based on vibration analysis

摘要

汽轮发电机组轴系振动异常是制约火力发电厂安全稳定运行的关键隐患之一。本文以D发电有限责任公司600MW机组为研究载体，聚焦其运行阶段3、4号轴承振动周期性波动与缓慢爬升的技术难题，开展轴系故障诊断与治理的系统性研究。研究综合运用先进诊断技术，精准定位故障根源系低压转子存在质量不平衡、汽封碰磨现象，且与相邻转子间存在热态对中偏差。基于上述诊断结果，构建“以在线动平衡为核心，辅以对中调整与汽封间隙优化”的综合治理技术方案。构建了一套可复制的、基于精密振动分析的轴系故障诊断与动平衡校正技术体系，为同类型大型汽轮发电机组的振动治理及状态检修提供了重要的工程实践参考。

Abstract

Abnormal shaft system vibration in steam turbine generator sets constitutes a critical safety hazard that jeopardizes the stable operation of thermal power plants. This study investigates the periodic fluctuations and gradual escalation of bearing vibrations in Units 3 and 4 of D Power Generation Co., Ltd.’s 600MW unit, conducting systematic research on shaft system fault diagnosis and mitigation. By integrating advanced diagnostic technologies, the study precisely identifies root causes including mass imbalance in the low-pressure rotor, steam seal wear, and thermal misalignment between adjacent rotors. Based on these findings, a comprehensive technical solution is developed, centered on online dynamic balancing with supplementary alignment adjustments and steam seal clearance optimization. The research establishes a replicable technical framework for shaft system fault diagnosis and dynamic balancing calibration based on precision vibration analysis, providing essential engineering references for vibration control and condition-based maintenance of similar large-scale steam turbine generator sets.

关键词

汽轮发电机组 / 轴系振动 / 故障诊断 / 动平衡校正

Key words

Steam turbine generator set / Shaft vibration / Fault diagnosis / Dynamic balance correction

参考文献

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