《论〈关税与贸易总协定〉第二十条（一般例外）与可持续发展原则的协调适用》

On the Harmonious Application of Article 20 (General Exceptions) of GATT and the Principle of Sustainable Development

摘要

《关税与贸易总协定》第二十条中的一般例外条款，为各成员国在执行关税和贸易义务时，提供了环境保护、公共健康等方面的灵活性。然而，随着可持续发展理念的逐步深入，该条款的适用也面临着与可持续发展原则的协调挑战。本文通过分析第二十条的一般例外条款，探讨其如何在全球贸易中平衡自由化与可持续发展的目标。通过对WTO判例的研究，本文总结了国际争端中第二十条的适用情况，并结合环境、社会、经济三大领域的可持续发展目标，提出了完善该条款与可持续发展原则协调机制的建议。文章旨在为全球贸易规则的现代化与可持续供应链合规路径提供法律思考与政策参考。

Abstract

The general exceptions clause in Article XX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT)provides flexibility for member countries in fulfilling their tariff and trade obligations,particularly in areas such as environmental protection and public health. However,with the gradual deepening of the concept of sustainable development,the application of this clause faces challenges in aligning with the principles of sustainability.This paper analyzes the general exceptions clause in Article XX and explores how it balances the goals of trade liberalization and sustainable development in global trade.By examining WTO case law,this paper summarizes the application of Article XX in international disputes and,in light of the sustainable development goals in the environmental,social,and economic domains,offers suggestions for improving the coordination mechanism between the clause and the principles of sustainable development.The paper aims to provide legal insights and policy recommendations for the modernization of global trade rules and the compliance pathways of sustainable supply chains.

关键词

关税与贸易总协定 / 第二十条 / 一般例外 / 可持续发展 / 国际贸易

Key words

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade / Article XX / General Exceptions / Sustainable Development / International Trade

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