高分子复合材料合成及性能调控

Synthesis and performance control of polymer composites

摘要

作为材料科学领域的重要方向，其合成与性能调控技术的进步为新型功能材料的开发奠定了基础。通过设计聚合单体结构、控制聚合反应条件以及优化界面相容性，可实现多组分材料的有序构筑，显著改善其力学、热学与电学性能。在纳米填料引入、表面改性及交联网络调控等策略作用下，复合体系在结构稳定性与功能集成性方面表现出独特优势。近年来，学界围绕其微观结构演化规律、性能表征方法及结构-性能关联机制进行了大量研究，为高分子复合材料在航空航天、电子器件、生物医用等领域的应用提供了理论依据与技术支持，也推动了绿色、可持续合成路径的探索与实践。

Abstract

As an important frontier in the field of polymer composite materials, advances in their synthesis and performance regulation technologies have laid the foundation for the development of novel functional materials. By designing the structure of polymerizable monomers, controlling polymerization reaction conditions, and optimizing interfacial compatibility, ordered construction of multicomponent systems can be achieved, significantly enhancing their mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Under strategies such as the incorporation of nanofillers, surface modification, and crosslinked network regulation, these composite systems exhibit distinctive advantages in structural stability and functional integration. In recent years, extensive research has focused on their microstructural evolution, performance characterization methods, and structure–property correlation mechanisms, providing both theoretical foundations and technical support for their applications in aerospace, electronic devices, and biomedical fields, while also promoting the exploration and implementation of green and sustainable synthesis pathways.

关键词

高分子复合材料 / 聚合反应 / 界面相容性 / 性能调控 / 结构表征

Key words

polymer composite materials / polymerization reaction / interfacial compatibility / performance regulation / structural characterization

参考文献

[1] 王宗涛, 邱玉浩, 李政洁, 崔智博, 赵亚奇, 冯巧. 己二酸基环氧树脂类玻璃高分子及其玻纤增强复合材料[J]. 高分子通报,

[2] 边琦, 徐子凡, 任启文, 李鹏鹏. 生物可降解高分子材料在农林领域的研究前沿[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2025, 48(08): 103-114.

[3] 胡建鹏, 刘显铜. 高分子树脂共混制备木塑复合材料研究进展[J]. 世界林业研究, 2025, 38(03): 77-83.

[4] 胡海悦. 生物质废弃物在高分子材料中资源化利用的研究进展[J]. 云南化工, 2025, 52(06): 33-37.

[5] 刘启予, 刘伟峰, 邱学青. 基于界面相容性强化的木质素/高分子复合材料构筑策略[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(05): 2733-2745.