电力机车辅助系统单相接地故障检测方法优化研究

Optimization Research on Single-Phase Ground Fault Detection Method for Auxiliary System of Electric Locomotives

摘要

针对交流传动电力机车辅助系统在发生单相接地故障时，现有检测手段难以准确识别故障支路、导致排查时间过长的问题，本文提出了一种改进的接地故障检测与定位方法。该方法在辅助变流器输出侧中性点增设高电阻与低电阻切换电路，并在各负载支路装设零序电流互感器。通过分析单相接地时的零序电流分布特性，利用低阻回路提供的零序电流特征，实现对故障支路的快速、精准定位。文中阐述了该检测系统的电气原理，并给出了关键电阻及互感器参数的选取原则。分析表明，该方法能够有效解决传统人工排查效率低下的问题，显著缩短机车正线故障处理时间，降低行车安全风险，为机车辅助系统的智能化运维提供了技术参考。

Abstract

For the problem that the existing detection methods for the auxiliary system of AC drive electric locomotives are unable to accurately identify the faulty branch when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, resulting in a long troubleshooting time, this paper proposes an improved grounding fault detection and location method. This method adds a high-resistance and low-resistance switching circuit at the neutral point of the auxiliary converter output side, and installs zero-sequence current transformers in each load branch. By analyzing the zero-sequence current distribution characteristics during single-phase grounding, and using the zero-sequence current characteristics provided by the low-resistance circuit, the faulty branch can be quickly and accurately located. The electrical principle of this detection system is elaborated in the paper, and the selection principles of key resistors and current transformers are given. The analysis shows that this method can effectively solve the problem of low efficiency of traditional manual troubleshooting, significantly shorten the handling time of locomotive mainline faults, reduce the risk of train operation safety, and provide technical reference for the intelligent operation and maintenance of the locomotive auxiliary system.

关键词

辅助系统 / 单相接地 / 零序电流 / 参数选取

Key words

auxiliary system / single-phase grounding / zero sequence current / parameter selection

参考文献

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