ICP 分析技术在汽油中微量铁锰铅硅元素检测中的应用研究

Application of ICP Analysis Technology in the Detection of Trace Iron,Manganese,Lead and Silicon in Gasoline

摘要

汽油中微量铁、锰、铅、硅的准确测定对燃料质量控制跟发动机性能评估有着重要意义，但是繁复有机基体带来的光谱与非光谱干扰严重制约检测精度。根据此，本研究依据电感耦合等离子体发射光谱技术，融合基体匹配与标准加入法校正基体效应，并凭借改良射频功率、雾化气流速及内标元素补偿信号波动，增强分析稳定性。样品前处理使用稀释与微波消解相结合方案，辅以特征谱线选择跟干扰校正算法，有效克服C₂带谱重叠及元素间交叉干扰。结果表明，方法检出限分别为Fe 0.8、Mn 0.5、Pb 1.2、Si 2.0 μg/L，加标回收率95%-105%，相对标准偏差低于5%，实现了多元素同步准确测定。

Abstract

The accurate determination of trace amounts of iron, manganese, lead, and silicon in gasoline is of significant importance for fuel quality control and engine performance evaluation. However, spectral and non-spectral interferences caused by the complex organic matrix severely limit the detection accuracy. In this study, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was employed, combining matrix matching and standard addition methods to correct matrix effects. Additionally, improvements in radio frequency power, atomization gas flow rate, and internal standard elements were applied to compensate for signal fluctuations and enhance analytical stability. Sample pretreatment involved a combined approach of dilution and microwave digestion, along with the selection of characteristic spectral lines and interference correction algorithms, effectively overcoming C₂ band spectral overlap and inter-element cross-interference. The results show that the method detection limits for Fe, Mn, Pb, and Si were 0.8, 0.5, 1.2, and 2.0 μg/L, respectively, with spiked recovery rates between 95% and 105%, and relative standard deviations below 5%. This method achieved simultaneous and accurate determination of multiple elements.

关键词

ICP-OES / 汽油中微量元素 / 基体干扰校正 / 标准加入法 / 光谱干扰校正

Key words

ICP-OES / trace elements in gasoline / matrix interference correction / standard addition method / spectral interference correction

参考文献

[1] 于冰, 王雯丹, 刘波, 赵庸, 王硕. 汽油中硅元素分析的研究进展[J]. 中国石油和化工标准与质量, 2024, 44(22):119-121.

[2] 刘世涛. ICP-OES法测定轻质油中硅含量研究[J]. 化学工程与装备, 2024,(11):104-107.

[3] 夏华荣, 金迪芳, 曹薇. ICP-OES法检测汽油中铅铁锰硅元素的方法研究[J]. 中国检验检测, 2024, 32(03):9-13.

[4] 卓可强, 田盼盼, 董丹丹. ICP-OES法测定汽油中的铁锰铅及硅元素[J]. 山东化工, 2022, 51(04):121-123.

[5] 徐大智, 陈冬梅, 杨帆, 吉豪杰. ICP-OES检测C5轻烃中硅质量分数的研究[J]. 当代化工, 2021, 50(12):3005-3008.