1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物光物理性质的理论研究
李浩静 , 葛常威 , 钟启迪 , 闫红 , 孙国辉
高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (02) : 106 -115.
1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物光物理性质的理论研究
Theoritical Studies on the Photophysical Properties of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives
采用密度泛函理论(DFT)及含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法, 在M06-2X/def2-TZVP计算水平下, 研究了1,4-二氢吡啶-3,5-二羧酸乙酯衍生物(1a~1h)中N-1位取代基对其光物理性质及光环加成反应的调控机制. 结果表明, 化合物1a~1h的N-1位取代基类型显著影响分子激发特性, 电子激发主要表现为1,4-二氢吡啶环的π→π*跃迁; 激发态电荷分布高度重叠且局域于环内C=C双键区域, 呈现典型的局域激发特征, 促使分子在激发态下保持近平面构型, 另外关键反应位点键长的显著变化, 均有利于光环加成反应的发生. 从理论上建立了1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物光物理性质与光环加成反应之间的系统性关联, 为设计高效光化学反应体系和构建多环骨架提供了重要的理论依据与创新指导.
Density functional theory(DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory(TD-DFT) methods at the M06-2X/def2-TZVP level were used to systematically reveal the regulatory mechanism of N-1 substituents on the photophysical properties and photocycloaddition reactions of ethyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivatives(1a—1h). The results demonstrate that the type of N-1 substituent significantly influences the molecular excitation characteristics. Electronic excitations are predominantly characterized by π→π* transitions within the 1,4-dihydropyridine ring. The excited-state charge distribution is highly overlapping and localized in the C=C double bond region of the ring, exhibiting typical localized excitation features. This promotes a nearly planar molecular conformation in the excited state, accompanied by significant bond length changes at key reactive sites, both of which facilitate the occurrence of photocycloaddition reactions. This work establishes a systematic theoretical correlation between the photophysical properties and photocycloaddition reactivity of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives, providing important theoretical insights and innovative guidance for designing efficient photochemical eaction systems and constructing polycyclic frameworks.
| [1] |
Wang C., Lu Z., Org. Lett., 2017, 19(21), 5888—5891 |
| [2] |
Zhang Y., Tanabe Y., Kuriyama S., Nishibayashi Y., J. Org. Chem., 2021, 86(18), 12577—12590 |
| [3] |
Zhong Q., Fan Q., Yan H., Tetrahedron Lett., 2017, 58(13), 1292—1295 |
| [4] |
Yan Z., Li J., Zheng Y., Miao Z., Chin. J. Chem. Educ., 2023, 44(18), 1—16 |
| [5] |
Chaudhari S. R., Shirkhedkar A. A., Chin. J. Org. Chem., 2021, 51(3), 268—277 |
| [6] |
Liu Y., Tan H., Yan H., Song X., Chem. Biol. Drug Des., 2013, 82(5), 567—578 |
| [7] |
Manna D., Bhuyan R., Ghosh R., J. Mol. Model., 2018, 24(12), 340 |
| [8] |
Ong S. T., Nam Y. W., Nasburg J. A., Ramanishka A., Ng X. R., Zhuang Z., Goay S. S. M., Nguyen H. M., Singh L., Singh V., Rivera A., Eyster M. E., Xu Y., Alper S. L., Wulff H., Zhang M., Chandy K. G., PNAS, 2025, 122(18), e2425494122 |
| [9] |
Trivedi A. R., Dodiya D. K., Dholariya B. H., Kataria V. B., Bhuva V. R., Shah V. H., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2011, 21(18), 5181—5183 |
| [10] |
Valente S., Mellini P., Spallotta F., Carafa V., Nebbioso A., Polletta L., Carnevale I., Saladini S., Trisciuoglio D., Gabellini C., Tardugno M., Zwergel C., Cencioni C., Atlante S., Moniot S., Steegborn C., Budriesi R., Tafani M., Del Bufalo D., Altucci L., Gaetano C., Mai A., J. Med. Chem., 2016, 59(4), 1471—1491 |
| [11] |
Zhu H., Chen S. J., Lin Y. X., Zhong Q. D., Sun W. J., Zhang X. J., Z. Kristallogr. New Cryst. Struct., 2019, 234(4), 793—794 |
| [12] |
Chen X., Niu N., Li D., Zhang Z., Zhuang Z., Yan D., Li J., Zhao Z., Wang D., Tang B. Z., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2023, 33(8), 2211571 |
| [13] |
Lian C., Zhang J., Mo F., Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11(4), 1140—1149 |
| [14] |
Fan Q., Tan H., Li P., Yan H., New J. Chem., 2018, 42(20), 16795—16805 |
| [15] |
Zhu X., Li W., Yan H., Zhong R., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 2012, 241, 13—20 |
| [16] |
Zhu X. H., Ni C. L., Song X. Q., Yan H., Zhong R. G., Chin. J. Org. Chem., 2010, 30(2), 276—281 |
| [17] |
Sun W., Fan Q., Yan H., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 2018, 359, 33—39 |
| [18] |
Tan H. B., Zhao Z. C., Ma Z. S., Yan H., Tetrahedron, 2018, 74(5), 529—534 |
| [19] |
Wang S., Wang Y., Ge C., Sun R., Wang H., Yan H., J. Mol. Struct., 2023, 1273, 134316 |
| [20] |
Zhong Q. D., Study on Photochemical Reactions and Mechanism of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 2017 |
| [21] |
钟启迪. 1,4-二氢吡啶衍生物的光化学反应及反应机理研究, 北京: 北京工业大学, 2017 |
| [22] |
Sun R., Song X., Wang S., Zhang X., Yan H., Wang Y., Chin. Chem. Lett., 2023, 34(12), 108183 |
| [23] |
Zhang X., Wei C., Zhang Y., Yan H., Li P., J. Mol. Struct., 2024, 1306, 137893 |
| [24] |
Frisch M. J., Pople J. A., Binkley J. S., J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80(7), 3265—3269 |
| [25] |
Grimme S., Ehrlich S., Goerigk L., J. Comput. Chem., 2011, 32(7), 1456—1465 |
| [26] |
Stephens P. J., Devlin F. J., Chabalowski C. F., Frisch M. J., J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98(45), 11623—11627 |
| [27] |
Cammi R., Tomasi J., J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 100(10), 7495—7502 |
| [28] |
Miertuš S., Scrocco E., Tomasi J., Chem. Phys., 1981, 55(1), 117—129 |
| [29] |
Lu T., Chen F., J. Comput. Chem., 2012, 33(5), 580—592 |
| [30] |
Lu T., J. Chem. Phys., 2024, 161(8), 082503 |
| [31] |
Humphrey W., Dalke A., Schulten K., J. Mol. Graph., 1996, 14(1), 33—38 |
| [32] |
Frisch M. J., Trucks G. W., Schlegel H. B., Scuseria G. E., Robb M. A., Cheeseman J. R., Scalmani G., Barone V., Petersson G. A., Nakatsuji H., Li X., Caricato M., Marenich A. V., Bloino J., Janesko B. G., Gomperts R., Mennucci B., Hratchian H. P., Ortiz J. V., Izmaylov A. F., Sonnenberg J. L., Williams Y., Ding F., Lipparini F., Egidi F., Goings J., Peng B., Petrone A., Henderson T., Ranasinghe D., Zakrzewski V. G., Gao J., Rega N., Zheng G., Liang W., Hada M., Ehara M., Toyota K., Fukuda R., Hasegawa J., Ishida M., Nakajima T., Honda Y., Kitao O., Nakai H., Vreven T., Throssell K., Montgomery J. A. Jr., Peralta J. E., Ogliaro F., Bearpark M. J., Heyd J. J., Brothers E. N., Kudin K. N., Staroverov V. N., Keith T. A., Kobayashi R., Normand J., Raghavachari K., Rendell A. P., Burant J. C., Iyengar S. S., Tomasi J., Cossi M., Millam J. M., Klene M., Adamo C., Cammi R., Ochterski J. W., Martin R. L., Morokuma K., Farkas O., Foresman J. B., Fox D. J., Gaussian 16, Rev. B.01, Wallingford CT, Gaussian Inc., 2016 |
| [33] |
Fan Q., Li P., Yan H., J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 2018, 358, 51—60 |
| [34] |
He Y., Wang H., Ge C., Yan H., J. Mol. Struct., 2023, 1281, 135167 |
| [35] |
Li P., Wang S., Tian N., Yan H., Wang J., Song X., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2021, 19(17), 3882—3892 |
| [36] |
Costa R. A., Pitt P. O., Pinheiro M. L. B., Oliveira K. M. T., Salomé K. S., Barison A., Costa E. V., Spectrochim. Acta A: Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 2017, 174, 94—104 |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |