In the context of urban warming and drying, understanding the carbon, water, and heat exchanges between urban forests and the atmosphere, as well as resource utilization efficiency, is crucial. This study analyzed the variations in carbon sources (carbon sinks), energy allocation, and resource utilization efficiency in the forest ecosystem of Nanchang Botanical Garden, based on monitoring data from the Nanchang National Observation and Research Station for Urban Ecosystems, also the Botanical Garden Station. The results show that the net carbon exchange, gross primary productivity, and ecosystem respiration of the forest ecosystem in Nanchang Botanical Garden exhibit significant seasonal variations. The peak of net carbon exchange occurs in May, while the peaks of total carbon absorption and respiration release occur in July. The forest ecosystem in Nanchang Botanical Garden has strong carbon sink capabilities, with a total carbon absorption of 1,933.32 g/(m2·a) during the observation period, and a net carbon absorption of 903.22 g/(m2·a) after accounting for respiratory losses. During the non-growing season, net radiation in the ecosystem primarily heats the atmosphere and vegetation, with turbulent fluxes dominated by sensible heat. In contrast, during the growing season, energy is manily used for evapotranspiration in the ecosystem, with an average Bowen ratio of 0.28. In the peak growing seasons (May to September), both carbon utilization efficiency and light utilization efficiency of the ecosystem remain high, while water use efficiency is notably high in June and July. These findings provide an important foundation for assessing the impact of urbanization on the urban sequestration, oxygen release, cooling and humidifying ecosystem services of urban forests.
使用Eddypro 7.0.7(美国Li-COR)软件对通量原始数据进行计算,包括异常值处理、野点剔除、二维坐标旋转、WPL方法订正等,以进一步获得半小时尺度的碳、水及热通量数据。 通过对涡度相关通量数据处理的R语言包(REddyProc R package)、日间通量分配算法,将净生态系统碳交换量拆分成生态系统呼吸量与总初级生产力。并使用边际分布采样法对缺失数据进行插补,最终得到半小时尺度的显热、潜热与总初级生产力数据。
在大叶模型框架中,城市森林生态系统被视为一个大的单层叶片与大气进行碳、水和能量交换[16]。文中选择碳利用效率(carbon use efficiency,CUE)、光能利用效率(light use efficiency, LUE)及水分利用效率(water use efficiency,WUE)这3个指标,分析生态系统资源利用效率。
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