The ability of a graph embedded in Euclidean space to uniquely determine its global geometric shape through local constraints among nodes and edges is critical for the coordination of networked systems,including sensor network localization and multi-agent formation control. Recently, graph rigidity theory has rapidly evolved as a theoretical tool for addressing this issue. In particular, angle-based rigidity theories have emerged as a significant branch of rigidity theory due to their extensive applicability in engineering. This paper systematically reviews recent advancements in angle-based rigidity theories and their implications for shape uniqueness. This study provides a detailed discussion of rigidity theories based on both unsigned and signed angle constraints. Furthermore, it explores the intrinsic connections between angle-based rigidity theories and matrix completion theory. Finally,it summarizes existing open problems in this field and outlines future research directions, which may inform studies on coordination control and optimization in networked systems based on angle constraints.
图15所示的拉曼图实例,无法直接采用文献[11]与文献[45]的构造方法生成。值得注意的是,虽然上述结论通过引入图中全部角度约束,避免了对预设角引集的依赖,但实际应用中会产生较大的计算开销。为此,文献[44]进一步提出角引图(angle index graph)的概念,用以刻画符号角约束与刚性特性的内在关联,并设计了一种多项式时间复杂度算法,求解保障符号角刚性与形状唯一性所需的最少角度约束条件。该成果已应用于分布式传感器网络定位及多智能体编队控制领域,并从理论层面保证了算法具备全局收敛性。
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