富血小板血浆及血小板源性外泌体在女性生殖系统疾病中的应用

Application of platelet-rich plasma and platelet-derived exosomes in female reproductive system disorders

摘要

女性生殖系统相关疾病如宫腔粘连、薄型子宫内膜、早发性卵巢功能不全等已成为临床上常见的女性生殖健康问题。传统的治疗方法往往效果有限，且可能伴随较明显的不良反应。再生医学的发展为女性生殖系统疾病提供了新的治疗策略，其中富血小板血浆（PRP）作为一种自体来源的生物制剂，因其良好的组织修复潜力与生物安全性，在生殖系统疾病治疗中展现出广阔的应用前景。近年来的研究显示，外泌体是 PRP 发挥生物学效应的核心活性成分，由于其稳定性高、靶向性强、免疫原性低逐渐成为研究热点。文章综述了 PRP 和血小板源性外泌体的生物学特性及其在女性生殖系统疾病中的临床应用，旨在为临床实践与科学研究提供参考。

Abstract

Female reproductive system-related diseases, such as intrauterine adhesions, thin endometrium, and premature ovarian insufficiency, have emerged as major clinical problems affecting women’s reproductive health. However, conventional treatments are limited by suboptimal efficacy and pronounced adverse effects. Advances in regenerative medicine have introduced novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as an autologous biological agent, has demonstrated promising prospects in the treatment of reproductive disorders due to its favorable tissue-repair potential and bio-safety. Recent studies indicate that exosomes are key active components mediating the biological effects of PRP, and they have attracted increasing attention because of their high stability, strong targeting capacity, and low immunogenicity. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of PRP and platelet-derived exosomes, as well as their clinical applications in female reproductive system disorders, with the aim of providing a reference for both clinical practice and scientific research.

关键词

富血小板血浆 / 外泌体 / 生殖系统 / 宫腔粘连 / 薄型子宫内膜 / 反复种植失败 / 卵巢功能不全

Key words

Platelet-rich plasma / Exosomes / Reproductive system / Intrauterine adhesion / Thin endometrium / Recurrent implantation failure / Ovarian insufficiency

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基金资助

广东省卫生计生适宜技术项目(202303281847292843)