人工智能在中西医结合防治心血管疾病中的应用研究进展

Advances in the application of artificial intelligence in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine

摘要

心血管疾病（CVD）是我国居民首位死亡原因，中西医结合在CVD防治中具有独特优势，但中医诊疗客观量化标准不足、中西医数据异构难融合等问题制约其规范化发展。人工智能（AI）凭借多模态数据融合、机器学习等技术，为突破上述瓶颈提供了重要技术支撑。文章系统梳理AI核心技术与中西医结合的内在适配基础，从CVD风险预警、诊断、治疗、预后管理及临床决策辅助5个维度介绍该领域的应用现状与研究进展，分析当前存在的数据标准化程度不足、算法可解释性较弱、临床转化滞后等挑战，提出以标准化数据库建设、可解释性AI研发、真实世界临床验证等为核心的发展方向，以期推动AI与中西医结合深度融合，构建具有中国特色的CVD智能诊疗体系，为该领域的研究与临床转化提供参考。

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in China. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of CVD. However, the lack of objective quantitative standards of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and the challenges in the integration of heterogeneous data of TCM and western medicine restrict its standardized development. Artificial Intelligence (AI) relies on multimodal fusion, machine learning and other technologies to provide a critical path to break the above bottlenecks. We systematically sort out the adaptation logic of AI core technology and ITCWM, review the application status and research progress in this field across five dimensions of CVD risk warning, diagnosis, treatment, prognostic management, and clinical decision support, and analyze the challenges such as insufficient data standardization, poor interpretation of algorithms, and lagging clinical translation. Therefore, we propose an implementation approach centered on standardized database construction, interpretable AI research and development, and real-world clinical verification. The aim of this study is to promote the deep integration of AI with the ITCWM, build an intelligent diagnosis and treatment system of CVD with Chinese characteristics, and provide a reference for research and transformation in this field.

关键词

心血管疾病 / 中西医结合 / 人工智能 / 机器学习

Key words

Cardiovascular disease / Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine / Artificial intelligence / Machine learning

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基金资助

国家中医药管理局监测统计中心中医药监测统计研究课题(2025JCTJC92)