锦屏地下实验室大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱建造技术与应用

杨明庆; 张健; 徐梓航; 申满斌; 杨进忠; 李宏璧

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2026.02.015

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (2) : 197 -209. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2026.02.015

工程施工

锦屏地下实验室大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱建造技术与应用

杨明庆 ¹^,²^,³ ,
张健 ¹^,² ,
徐梓航 ¹^,² ,
申满斌 ¹^,² ,
杨进忠 ¹^,² ,
李宏璧 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Construction technology and application of large polyethylene shielded cabin in China Jinping Underground Laboratory

Mingqing YANG ¹^,²^,³ ,
Jian ZHANG ¹^,² ,
Zihang XU ¹^,² ,
Manbin SHEN ¹^,² ,
Jinzhong YANG ¹^,² ,
Hongbi LI ¹^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

【目的】地下实验室是开展前沿物理研究的重要基础设施，为开展极低辐射本底前沿物理实验，服务暗物质探测、中微子实验等国家重大科技创新，中国锦屏地下实验室二期建造了世界最大的聚乙烯屏蔽舱。【方法】系统阐述了中国锦屏地下实验室大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱建造关键技术，提出了在地下有限空间中建造大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱的设计思路，创新了聚乙烯屏蔽舱各部位定制化无通缝设计，基于有限元仿真分析评价了屏蔽舱聚乙烯板材的变形和强度特征，并论述了有限空间下聚乙烯屏蔽舱拼装施工工艺等关键要点。【结果】结果显示：在自重应力影响下，聚乙烯板材变形小于加工允差，屏蔽舱墙体高度方向的累积收缩变形约3 mm,聚乙烯单板的最大应力为87.20kPa,在变形和强度方面满足稳定性及拼装误差要求；工程竣工后该大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱环境伽马本底测量结果相比屏蔽舱外降低了约97%,且远远低于国外顶尖地下实验室。【结论】中国锦屏地下实验室大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱拼装结构设计科学合理、聚乙烯拼装板材力学状态稳定、施工质量把控良好、射线屏蔽效果达到世界一流水平。研究成果可为低辐射本底环境构建和有限空间下大型拼装式工程建造提供有益参考。

Abstract

[Objective] Underground laboratories are recognized as critical infrastructure for cutting-edge physical research. To support ultra-low radiation background experiments required for national strategic scientific programs including dark matter detection and neutrino studies, the world's largest polyethylene shielding cabin has been successfully constructed in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory Phase Ⅱ. [Methods] Key construction technologies are systematically elaborated, with a novel design method ology being proposed for large-scale polyethylene shielding cabins under spatially constrained underground conditions. Customized seamless joint configurations are innovatively developed for critical cabin components, while deformation and strength characteristics of polyethylene plates are quantitatively evaluated through finite element simulations. Modular assembly protocols optimized for confined construction spaces are comprehensively documented. [Results] Experimental results indicate that polyethylene plate deformations induced by self-weight stress are controlled within machining tolerances, with cumulative vertical shrinkage deformation measured at 3.0 mm. Maximum stress values in individual polyethylene plates are determined as 87.20 kPa, satisfying both structural stability criteria and assembly precision requirements. Post-construction radiation monitoring reveals the gamma background within the shielded zone is reduced by a factor of 31 compared to external levels, outperforming shielding efficiencies reported from leading international underground facilities. [Conclusion] The assembly structure design of the large polyethylene shielding cabin is scientifically reasonable, the mechanical state of the polyethylene assembly board is stable, the construction quality is well controlled, and the radiation shielding effect has reached world-class level. This technological achievement provides method ological references for ultra-low radiation environment construction and modular engineering implementation in geologically constrained underground spaces.

关键词

中国锦屏地下实验室 / 大型聚乙烯屏蔽舱 / 拼装式 / 应力应变仿真 / 施工工艺 / 影响因素 / 变形 / 低辐射本底环境

Key words

China Jinping Underground Laboratory / large polyethylene shielded cabin / assembled type / stress strain simulation / construction technology / influencing factors / deformation / low radiation background environment