海洋沉积物芽孢杆菌 LS-06的筛选鉴定及其对植物的促生作用

Screening and Identification of Cytobacillus oceanisedimins LS-06 and Its Growth-promoting Effect on Plants

摘要

我国耕作土壤盐渍化问题日益加剧，严重限制了小麦、黄瓜等作物的生长发育。生物改良法因其成本低、效果显著、环保无害等特点，成为改良土壤盐渍化的有效手段。植物根际促生细菌是一类非常重要的菌种资源，可用于改良盐渍化土壤，有重要研究价值。本研究从盐渍地中筛选到了一株多功能的耐盐促生芽孢杆菌LS-06，通过生理功能及其16S rDNA序列分析初步鉴定为海洋沉积物芽孢杆菌（ Cytobacillus oceanisedimins）。LS-06能在13% NaCl的高盐条件下生长，还具有解钾、固氮和降解酪蛋白的功能。盆栽试验证明，LS-06对种植在盐渍环境下的小麦和黄瓜具有促生功能。在高盐条件下，经过12 d盆栽培养，施加菌株LS-06的小麦株高、地上鲜重、地上干重、地下鲜重和地下干重分别增加了99.2%、80.2%、82.3%、72.1%和35.7%。菌株LS-06对种植在高盐条件下的黄瓜也有一定的促生功能，经过16 d的盆栽培养，施加菌株LS-06的黄瓜幼苗的株高、地上鲜重、地上干重、地下鲜重和地下干重分别增加了20.3%、30.2%、28.3%、31.9%和15.9%。综上所述，菌株LS-06在小麦和黄瓜耐盐促生方面表现出了一定的应用价值，为盐碱土改良和农业可持续发展提供了菌种资源。

Abstract

Soil salinization in China is becoming increasingly severe, significantly inhibiting the growth and development of crops such as wheat and cucumber. Biological improvement methods, characterized by low cost, notable effectiveness, and environmental friendliness, have emerged as effective approaches to ameliorate saline-alkali soils. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a crucial role in improving salinized soil and hold substantial research value. This study screens a multi-functional salt-tolerant Bacillus LS-06 from saline soil, which is preliminarily identified as Cytobacillus oceanisedimins through physiological function and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. LS-06 can grow under high salt condition of up to 13% NaCl, and also exhibits the functions of dissolving potassium, fixing nitrogen and degrading casein. Pot experiments reveal that LS-06 promotes the growth of wheat and cucumber under saline conditions. Under high salt conditions, after 12 days of pot culture, wheat treated with strain LS‑06 show increases in the plant height, aboveground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, underground fresh weight, and underground dry weight by 99.2%, 80.2%, 82.3%, 72.1% and 35.7%, respectively. Strain LS-06 also displays a growth-promoting effect on cucumber under high-salt conditions. After 16 days of pot culture, cucumber seedlings treated with LS‑06 exhibit increases in the plant height, aboveground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, underground fresh weight, and underground dry weight by 20.3%, 30.2%, 28.3%, 31.9% and 15.9%, respectively. In summary, LS-06 demonstrates valuable potential in enhancing salt tolerance and promoting the growth of wheat and cucumber, thereby providing strain resources for saline-alkali soil improvement and sustainable agricultural development.

关键词

盐碱土 / 小麦 / 黄瓜 / 植物根际促生细菌 / 芽孢杆菌

Key words

Saline-alkali soil / wheat / cucumber / plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria / Bacillus

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基金资助

山东省重点研发计划（乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划）项目(2023TZXD003)

国家自然科学基金项目(32170133)

国家自然科学基金项目(31700094)

大棚黄瓜专用菌剂研发(382077)

山东农业大学“811”科技小院建设项目