纤维素钙基改良剂制备及其对盐渍土的改良效应

Preparation of Cellulose Calcium-based Amendments and Its Improvement Effects on Saline-alkali Soil

摘要

为探究纤维素钙基改良剂对盐渍土的改良效应，选取青海柴达木盆地中度盐碱土为试验用土，以混酸处理后的玉米芯为主要材料，辅助磷石膏钙基材料，通过水溶液聚合法制备纤维素钙基改良剂。筛选4种改良剂，纯纤维素基改良剂（COR）和吸水性较高的纤维素钙基改良剂（PGC ₂、PGC ₅和PGC ₆），设置3个添加水平，通过淋溶试验开展盐渍土改良效应分析。结果表明：与CK相比，PGC ₅-B处理，土壤pH降低了1.75个单位（ P<0.05）；土壤EC<2 mS·cm ^{− 1}，改良后的土壤不受碱化威胁；土壤机械性大团聚体含量（>0.25 mm）增加0.86 倍（ P<0.05），<0.25 mm 的微团聚体含量降低了40.98%（ P<0.05）；粒径2~0.25 mm及<0.053 mm的土壤团聚体中有机碳含量分别提高了2.37倍和1.19倍，其土壤有机碳贡献率分别增加了1.03倍和降低了68.96%。

Abstract

To explore the improvement effects of cellulose calcium-based amendments on saline-alkali soil, this research selects the moderately saline-alkali soil in the Qaidam Basin of Qinghai Province as the test soil. Using acid‑treated corncob as the main raw material and phosphogypsum as the calcium‑based auxiliary, this research prepares the cellulose calcium-based amendments via aqueous solution polymerization. Then it selects four types of amendments: pure cellulose-based amendment (COR) and three cellulose calcium-based amendments with higher water absorption (PGC ₂, PGC ₅ and PGC ₆), and sets three addition levels to study the improvement effects on saline-alkali soil through leaching tests. The results show that compared with CK, PGC ₅-B treatment reduces the soil pH by 1.75 units ( P < 0.05). The soil EC is less than 2 mS·cm ^{− 1}, indicating that the improved soil is not threatened by alkalization. The content of mechanical large aggregates (> 0.25 mm) in the soil increases by 0.86 times ( P < 0.05), while the content of micro-aggregates (< 0.25 mm) decreases by 40.98% ( P < 0.05). In the 2‒0.25 mm aggregate fraction, the organic carbon content of soil aggregates increases by 2.37 times, and its contribution rate of soil organic carbon increases by 1.03 times. In the < 0.053 mm aggregate fraction, the organic carbon content of soil aggregates increases by 1.19 times, while its contribution rate of soil organic carbon decreases by 68.96%.

关键词

纤维素钙基 / 土壤改良剂 / 盐碱土 / 团聚体 / 有机碳

Key words

Cellulose calcium-based / soil amendment / saline-alkali soil / soil aggregate / organic carbon

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(22376133)

青海省黄土丘陵区公益林生态效益监测项目(210170051)