松花粉对传统白酒基酒品质的调控:理化特性、功能活性及风味特征分析
王心如 , 宋雨阳 , 金铁岩
山东农业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3) : 407 -418.
松花粉对传统白酒基酒品质的调控:理化特性、功能活性及风味特征分析
Regulation of Pine Pollen on Traditional Baijiu Base Liquor Quality: Analysis of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Activities and Flavor Characteristics
本研究探讨了松花粉作为天然风味改良剂和营养强化剂在传统浓香型白酒基酒中制备的露酒(松花粉酒)的应用效果。采用42% (v/v)浓香型白酒基酒与经高压差低温提取处理的松花粉,在25 ℃避光条件下陈酿6个月,制得松花粉酒,并对其理化特性、感官风味及功能活性进行分析。结果表明,松花粉酒的DPPH自由基清除率(69.49±1.96)%和ABTS自由基清除率(57.35±1.56)%显著高于对照白酒基酒( P<0.05)。在体外抗菌实验中,松花粉酒冻干粉的乙酸乙酯提取物对大肠杆菌的最低抑制浓度(MIC)为32 μg/mL,同时对金黄色葡萄球菌亦有抑制作用。细胞水平研究显示,松花粉酒对HT29 和HepG2 细胞具有显著的增殖抑制作用,半数抑制浓度(IC 50)分别为128.7±5.2 μg/mL 和96.4±4.1 μg/mL。风味分析结果表明,松花粉露酒酸度提升、苦味减弱,氨基酸分析显示其氨基酸种类丰富,包括天冬氨酸、苯丙氨酸和脯氨酸等。综上,松花粉酒在保持白酒品质的同时,显著提升功能活性并改善风味,其研究结果为功能性白酒的开发提供了理论与技术支持。
This study investigates the application effect of pine pollen as a natural flavor enhancer and nutritional fortifier in the preparation of a liqueur (pine pollen wine) derived from traditional Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu base liquor. Pine pollen wine is produced by aging a mixture of 42% (v/v) strong-flavor Baijiu base liquor and pine pollen treated with high-pressure differential low-temperature extraction at 25 ℃ under light-shielded conditions for 6 months. Its physicochemical properties, sensory characteristics, and functional activities are analyzed. The results show that the DPPH radical scavenging rate (69.49 ± 1.96%) and ABTS radical scavenging rate (57.35 ± 1.56%) of pine pollen wine are significantly higher than those of the control Baijiu base liquor ( P< 0.05). In vitro antibacterial assays, the ethyl acetate extract of freeze-dried pine pollen wine exhibits a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 32 μg/mL against Escherichia coli, while also demonstrating inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus. Cell-level assays demonstrate that pine pollen wine exerts significant proliferation-inhibitory effects on HT29 (human colon cancer cells) and HepG2 (human hepatoma cells), with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) of 128.7 ± 5.2 μg/mL and 96.4 ± 4.1 μg/mL, respectively. Flavor analysis indicates that pine pollen wine possesses increased acidity and reduced bitterness. Amino acid analysis shows a rich variety of amino acids, including aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and proline. In conclusion, while maintaining the quality of Baijiu, pine pollen wine significantly enhances its functional activity and improves its flavor profile. The findings of this study provide theoretical and technical support for the development of functional Baijiu.
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改良性米酒制作方法关键技术及产品开发技术开发委托项目(ydhx20232)
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