外源 L-肌肽对鲜切苹果蔗糖代谢的影响

Effect of Exogenous L-carnosine on Sucrose Metabolism in Fresh-Cut Apples

摘要

为提高鲜切苹果的贮藏品质，探究了不同浓度 L-肌肽对鲜切苹果中蔗糖代谢的影响。以“红富士”苹果为实验材料，用0.5、2.0、3.5和5.0 mmol·L⁻¹ L-肌肽溶液浸泡处理鲜切苹果，通过分析呼吸速率和可溶性固形物含量变化得到最适浓度为2 mmol·L⁻¹；同时探究最优浓度下 L-肌肽溶液对果实中蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量的影响；研究 L-肌肽对蔗糖磷酸合酶（SPS）、蔗糖合酶（SS-s和SS-d）、中性转化酶（NI）、酸性转化酶（AI）活性的影响和 MdSS、 MdSPS、 MdNI基因表达水平的变化。结果表明：2 mmol·L⁻¹ L-肌肽可显著延缓果实呼吸速率的上升，维持较高的可溶性固形物含量； L-肌肽通过提高SPS和SS-s酶活性，抑制SS-d、NI和AI酶活性，上调 MdSS、 MdSPS、 MdNI基因相对表达水平，促进了蔗糖的累积，减缓了蔗糖的降解，抑制了葡萄糖和果糖含量的上升，维持了较好的果实贮藏品质。

Abstract

To improve the storage quality of fresh-cut apples, this research investigates the effects of various concentrations of L-carnosine on sucrose metabolism in fresh-cut apples. Using "Red Fuji" apples as experimental materials, fresh-cut apples are immersed in L-carnosine solutions (0.5, 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0 mmol L⁻¹). The optimal concentration of 2 mmol L⁻¹ is determined through analyzing the changes in respiratory rate and soluble solids content (SSC). Simultaneously, the impact of L-carnosine at optimal concentration on the contents of sucrose, fructose, and glucose are examined. The study further evaluates the influence of L-carnosine on the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (synthetic direction: SS-s; degradative direction: SS-d), neutral invertase (NI) and acid invertase (AI), as well as changes in the expression levels of MdSS, MdSPS, and MdNI. The results demonstrate that 2 mmol L⁻¹ L-carnosine significantly suppresses the increase in respiratory rate and maintains higher SSC levels. L-carnosine promotes the accumulation of sucrose and slows its degradation by increasing the activities of SPS and SS-s enzymes, inhibiting the activities of SS-d, NI, and AI enzymes, and upregulating the relative expression levels of the MdSS, MdSPS, and MdNIgenes. Consequently, it suppresses the increase in glucose and fructose content and maintains better fruit storage quality.

关键词

L-肌肽 / 蔗糖代谢 / 鲜切苹果 / 贮藏品质

Key words

L-carnosine / sucrose metabolism / fresh-cut apples / fruit quality

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基金资助

山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD0023)

山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022QB105)

山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023QB228)