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摘要
人工补充硒(Se)元素是提高作物硒含量和营养品质的重要农艺措施,但无机硒的施用往往会对植物的生长和产量造成一定的负面影响。此外,蔬菜生产中产生大量的秸秆、残果,具有丰富的有机营养和潜在的利用价值。本研究利用番茄、黄瓜残果和茎叶作为基料,结合微生物发酵和无机硒补充技术,制备富含有机硒的农用酵素应用于番茄、黄瓜生产。在日光温室栽培条件下,针对番茄和黄瓜生产,设置对照(CK),施用无机硒(Se)、酵素(FQJS或HGJS)及富硒酵素(FQJS+Se或HGJS+Se)共计6个处理,测定其对产量、硒含量、果实品质、光合作用、根系活力、氧化损伤及根际微生物等指标的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,番茄和黄瓜产量在富硒酵素处理下分别提升21%和16.6%;可溶性固形物、维生素C 含量分别提升23%、36% 和25%、26%;净光合速率分别提升13.1% 和9.2%,根系活力分别提升21.1% 和14.4%;与Se处理相比,二者的富硒效果分别提升33%和41%。本研究不仅为农业废弃物高值化利用提供了可行的思路,还为富硒作物生产提供了新的应用方案,具有潜在的生态与经济价值。
Abstract
Artificial supplementation of selenium (Se) is an important agronomic measure to improve the selenium content and nutritional quality of crops. However, inorganic selenium application often has some negative effects on plant growth and yield. In addition, vegetable production produces a large amount of straw and residual fruits, which possess rich organic nutrients and potential utilization value. Using tomato and cucumber residual fruits, stems and leaves as substrates, this study combines microbial fermentation and inorganic selenium supplementation techniques to prepare organic selenium-enriched granzymes for application in tomato and cucumber production. Under solar greenhouse cultivation conditions, six treatments are set up for tomato and cucumber production: control (CK), application of inorganic selenium (Se), enzyme (FQJS or HGJS), and selenium-enriched enzyme (FQJS+Se or HGJS+ Se) The effects on yield, selenium content, fruit quality, photosynthesis, root vigour, oxidative damage and inter-root microorganisms are measured. The results show that compared with CK, tomato and cucumber yields increase by 21% and 16.6% , respectively, under the selenium-enriched enzyme treatments; soluble solids and vitamin C contents increase by 23%, 36%, and 25%, 26%, respectively; the net photosynthetic rates increase by 10% and 7%, and root vitality increase by 21.1% and 14.4%, respectively; and the selenium-enrichment effect of both treatments increase by 33% and 41%, respectively, compared with that of the Se treatment. This study not only provides a feasible approach for the high value utilization of agricultural waste, but also provides a new application scheme for selenium-enriched crop production, which has potential ecological and economic value.
关键词
硒
/
酵素
/
番茄
/
黄瓜
/
产量
/
果实品质
Key words
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刘贺,夏天晨,李哲恺,张育诚,刘小倩,赵丹,巩彪.
基于番茄、黄瓜残果和茎叶基料的富硒酵素制备及其在番茄、黄瓜生产中的应用效果研究[J].
山东农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 57(5): 809-816 DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2324.2026.05.002
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基金资助
山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)项目(2026LZGC028)
山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2023TSGC0527)
山东省重点研发计划资助(2023TZXD077)