地震资料智能化处理进展:震源机制、断层首波以及动态触发的识别与分析
朴健 , 熊健 , 郑定昌 , 汪龙潭 , 运乃丹 , 裴玮来 , 周一剑 , 周仕勇
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (01) : 56 -73.
地震资料智能化处理进展:震源机制、断层首波以及动态触发的识别与分析
Advances in Intelligent Processing of Seismic Data: Focal Mechanisms, Fault Zone Head Waves and Dynamic Triggering Detection and Analysis
,
近年来,海量数字地震观测资料的积累对高效、智能的数据处理方法提出了迫切需求.系统介绍了研究组发展的一系列地震资料智能化处理新方法,包括基于顺序统计量与信息熵的P波初动极性自动判别(POSE)、面向双材料界面识别的断层首波自动检测算法,以及基于高频能量积分比值的远震动态触发检测方法(HiFi).这些方法不仅显著提升了小震震源机制解与应力场反演的分辨率,也为精细刻画断层两侧介质性质、及研究动态应力扰动对小震活动的调制效应提供了新工具.通过对2023年土耳其双震和2025年缅甸曼德勒Mw 7.7地震的应用实例,展示了POSE方法在震源机制解与区域应力场反演中的优势,断层首波检测在揭示双材料界面速度对比方面的有效性,以及HiFi方法在大震远场动态触发识别中的可靠性.这些新观测可为断层结构解析、破裂动力学研究及地震危险性评估提供重要支撑,凸显了智能化技术在地震学研究中的广阔前景.
In recent years, the rapid accumulation of massive digital seismic observations has created an urgent demand for efficient and intelligent data-processing methods. This paper presents a suite of new intelligent approaches to seismic data processing developed by our research group, including: POSE, an automatic P-wave first-motion polarity determination method based on Order Statistics and Entropy theory; an automatic detection algorithm for fault zone head waves designed to identify bimaterial interfaces; and HiFi, a method for detecting remote dynamic triggering based on the High-Frequency Power Integral Ratio. These methods not only significantly enhance the resolution of focal mechanism solutions and stress field inversions for small earthquakes, but also provide new tools for characterizing medium contrasts across faults and for investigating how dynamic stress perturbations modulate small earthquake activity. Through application to the 2023 Turkey earthquake doublet and the 2025 Mw 7.7 Mandalay, Myanmar earthquake, we demonstrate the advantages of POSE in focal mechanism determination and regional stress field inversion, the effectiveness of fault zone head-wave detection in revealing velocity contrasts across bimaterial fault interfaces, and the robustness of the HiFi method in identifying long-range dynamic triggering associated with large earthquakes. These new observations offer important support for fault-zone structural imaging, rupture dynamics studies, and seismic hazard assessment, and highlight the broad prospects of intelligent techniques in seismological research.
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国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0800602)
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