适用于工业无人机的磁耦合无线充电系统研究

Research on magnetic coupling wireless charging system for industrial UAV

摘要

无线充电技术作为一种非接触式充电方式在无人机充电应用场景中具有较强的适用性，然而，在实际应用过程中却面临着一些问题。一方面，无线充电对无人机停靠的精准度有着极高的要求，只要出现偏移情况，充电效率就会随之降低；另一方面，不同型号无人机的充电效率也存在差异。受这些因素影响，目前无线充电在无人机场景中的应用并不广泛。鉴于此，该文着重关注由偏移以及不同无人机电池型号所引发的效率下降问题，提出了一种基于切比雪夫滤波器理论的磁耦合无线充电抗偏移与抗负载变化匹配网络设计方法。该方法将互感和负载电阻当作可变因素，并且把它们与滤波器设计中的频率相对应，进而借助成熟的滤波器设计方法来设计高稳定性的无线充电系统。以一阶切比雪夫滤波器为例，通过开展仿真以及实验操作，验证了所提方法的科学性与合理性，并且实现了在特定互感变化范围以及负载范围之内，保持稳定传输效率的目标。

Abstract

As a non-contact charging method, wireless charging technology has strong applicability in UAV charging application scenarios, however, it faces some problems in the actual application process. On the one hand, wireless charging has very high requirements for the accuracy of UAV docking, and as long as there is a deviation, the charging efficiency will be reduced; on the other hand, and the charging efficiency of different models of UAVs also has differences. On the other hand, the charging efficiency varies among different UAV models. Due to these factors, wireless charging is not widely used in UAV scenarios at present. In view of this, this paper focuses on the efficiency degradation issue caused by offset and different UAV battery models, and proposes a matching network design method based on Chebyshev filter theory for magnetic coupling wireless charging against offset and load variation. The method innovatively treats mutual inductance and load resistance as variable factors and relates them to the frequency in the filter design. Then by leveraging well-established filter design methods, a high-stability wireless charging system is designed. Taking the first-order Chebyshev filter as an example, the scientific validity and reasonableness of the proposed method are verified through simulation and experimental operation, and the goal of maintaining stable transmission efficiency within a specific mutual inductance variation range and load range is successfully achieved.

关键词

无人机 / 无线充电 / 磁耦合 / 切比雪夫滤波器理论 / 稳定传输效率

Key words

unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) / wireless charging / magnetic coupling / Chebyshev filter theory / stable transmission efficiency

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(62271122)