基于SDP的通感及协能无线传输方法

The SDP method based on integrated sensing, communication, and power transmission

摘要

未来6G无线通信将突破传统通信的边界，向多模态功能融合方向发展。其中，集成感知、通信与能量传输的功能协同带来了复杂多目标优化挑战。如何在满足多维约束条件的前提下实现系统性能的最优，是当前研究的核心问题。该研究针对在通信服务质量、感知精度的克拉美-罗下界、能量收集阈值以及最大传输功率等多重约束下，对优化用户传输速率的问题展开研究。通过引入波束赋形技术，提出了一种基于半定松弛的交替优化算法，将原始非凸问题转化为可高效求解的半正定规划模型，在严格满足各项约束条件的同时，该算法实现了全局性能的优化。仿真结果表明，该方法在典型场景下显著提升了系统传输速率，并确保基站传输功率、感知精度与能量供给需求得到满足，为未来通感能一体化网络的高效资源分配提供了有力的理论支撑。

Abstract

The future of 6G wireless communication will transcend the boundaries of traditional communication, advancing toward multimodal functionality integration. Among these advancements, the integration of sensing, communication, and power transfer (ISCPT) introduces significant challenges in multi-objective optimization. Achieving optimal system performance under multidimensional constraints has become a core research focus. This study addresses the problem of optimizing user transmission rates under multiple constraints, including quality of service (QoS), the Cramér–Rao bound (CRB) for sensing accuracy, energy harvesting (EH) thresholds, and maximum transmission power. By leveraging beamforming techniques, this paper proposes an alternating optimization algorithm based on semidefinite relaxation (SDR). The proposed approach transforms the original non-convex problem into a semi-definite programming (SDP) model that can be efficiently solved while strictly satisfying all constraints. Simulation results demonstrate that the method significantly improves system transmission rates in typical scenarios and ensures compliance with base station transmission power, sensing accuracy, and energy supply requirements. This work provides robust theoretical support for efficient resource allocation in future ISCPT-enabled networks.

关键词

集成感知、通信与能量传输 / 半正定松弛 / 波束赋形 / 6G

Key words

integration of sensing, communication, and power transfer (ISCPT) / semidefinite relaxation (SDR) / beamforming / 6G

参考文献

[1] Shi Yuanming, Zhou Yong, Wen Dingzhu, et al. Task-oriented communications for 6G: Vision, principles, and technologies[J].IEEE Wireless Communications, 2023, 30(3): 78-85.

[2] Li Xiaoyang, Han Zidong, Zhu Guangxu, et al. Integrating sensing, communication, and power transfer: From theory to practice[J].IEEE Communications Magazine, 2024, 62(9): 122-127.

[3] Zhou Ziqin, Li Xiaoyang, Zhu Guangxu, et al. Integrating sensing, communication, and power transfer: Multiuser beamforming design[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2024, 42(9): 2228-2242.

[4] Li Xiaoyang, You Changsheng, Andreev S, et al. Wirelessly powered crowd sensing: Joint power transfer, sensing, compression, and transmission[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2019, 37(2): 391-406.

[5] Lin Tian, Cong Jiaqi, Zhu Yu, et al. Hybrid beamforming for millimeter wave systems using the MMSE criterion[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2019, 67(5): 3693-3708.

[6] Timotheou S, Krikidis I, Zheng Gan, et al. Beamforming for MISO interference channels with QoS and RF energy transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2014, 13(5): 2646-2658.

[7] Shi Qingjiang, Xu Weiqiang, Chang T H, et al. Joint beamforming and power splitting for MISO interference channel with SWIPT: An SOCP relaxation and decentralized algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2014, 62(23): 6194-6208.

[8] Clerckx B, Zhang Rui, Schober R, et al. Fundamentals of wireless information and power transfer: From RF energy harvester models to signal and system designs[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2019, 37(1): 4-33.

[9] Shi Qingjiang, Liu Liang, Xu Weiqiang, et al. Joint transmit beamforming and receive power splitting for MISO SWIPT systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2014, 13(6): 3269-3280.

[10] Feng Renhai, Li Quanzhong, Zhang Qi, et al. Robust secure transmission in MISO simultaneous wireless information and power transfer system[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2015, 64(1): 400-405.

[11] Liu An, Huang Zhe, Li Min, et al. A survey on fundamental limits of integrated sensing and communication[J].IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2022, 24(2): 994-1034.

[12] Liu Fan, Cui Yuanhao, Masouros C, et al. Integrated sensing and communications: Toward dual-functional wireless networks for 6G and beyond[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2022, 40(6): 1728-1767.

[13] Huang Yi, Fang Yuan, Li Xinmin, et al. Coordinated power control for network integrated sensing and communication[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2022, 71(12): 13361-13365.

[14] He Zhenyao, Xu Wei, Shen Hong, et al. Full-duplex communication for ISAC: Joint beamforming and power optimization[J].IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2023, 41(9): 2920-2936.

[15] Chen Yilong, Hua Haocheng, Xu Jie, et al. ISAC meets SWIPT: Multi-functional wireless systems integrating sensing, communication, and powering[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2024, 23(8): 8264-8280.

[16] Zeng Xiangyu, Xing Lukuan, Wu Youlong, et al. Beamforming design for integrated sensing and SWIPT system[C]//2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). Kyoto: IEEE, 2022: 403-408.

[17] Li Xiaoyang, Yi Xuan, Zhou Ziqin, et al. Multi-user beamforming design for integrating sensing, communications, and power transfer[C]//2023 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). Glasgow: IEEE, 2023: 1-6.

[18] Cui Yuanhao, Liu Fan, Jing Xiaojun, et al. Integrating sensing and communications for ubiquitous IoT: Applications, trends, and challenges[J].IEEE Network, 2021, 35(5): 158-167.

[19] Zhou Xun, Zhang Rui, Ho C K. Wireless information and power transfer: Architecture design and rate-energy tradeoff[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2013, 61(11): 4754-4767.

[20] Xie Chenfei, Li Yonghui, Chen Lu, et al. Power minimization for integrated sensing, communication, and power transmission systems[J].IEEE Communications Letters, 2024, 28(12): 2779-2783.

基金资助

四川省自然科学基金(2022NSESC0489)

深圳市自然科学基金(JCY20210324140002008)