中医药治疗乙型肝炎肝纤维化研究进展
Research advances in traditional Chinese medicine treatment of chronic hepatitis B-associated liver fibrosis
慢性乙型肝炎相关肝纤维化是疾病进展至肝硬化甚至肝细胞癌的关键病理环节。虽然抗病毒治疗能够有效抑制HBV复制,但肝纤维化的逆转仍是当前临床面临的重大挑战,部分患者仍存在病情持续进展的风险。中医药凭借其“多靶点、整体调节”的独特优势,在该领域逐渐形成了融合传统理论支持与现代科学证据的综合防治策略。“正虚血瘀”作为肝纤维化的核心病机,贯穿疾病发展全过程,治疗上应注重分期辨证、标本兼顾。近年来,相关临床与基础研究取得了显著进展。本文系统综述了经典名方(如鳖甲煎丸、大黄䗪虫丸、小柴胡汤等)、现代中成药及核心中药(如丹参、黄芪、柴胡)在抗肝纤维化方面的临床疗效与作用机制,分析了当前在证据质量、精准用药等方面存在的挑战,并对未来研究方向提出展望,建议通过深化“病-证-方-效-靶”关联机制研究、开展高水平临床试验与真实世界研究,进一步发挥中医药在肝病防治中的重要作用。
Chronic hepatitis B-associated liver fibrosis is the key pathological stage in disease progression to liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Although antiviral therapy can effectively inhibit HBV replication, reversal of liver fibrosis remains a significant challenge in contemporary clinical practice, and some patients still face the risk of disease progression. With the distinctive advantages of “multiple targets and holistic regulation”, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gradually formed a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy integrating traditional theories and modern scientific research evidence. “Weakened body resistance and blood stasis” are the core pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and exist throughout the course of the disease, and therefore, the treatment of this disease should focus on stage-specific differentiation and address both the symptoms and root causes. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in both clinical and basic research. This article systematically reviews the clinical effect and mechanism of action of classic TCM prescriptions (such as Biejia Decoction Pill, Dahuang Zhechong Pill, and Xiaochaihu Decoction), modern Chinese patent drugs, and core TCM drugs (such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membranaceus, and Bupleurum chinense) in the treatment of liver fibrosis. It also analyzes the current challenges in evidence quality and precise medication and proposes future research directions. It is recommended to enhance the role of TCM in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases by deepening research on the “disease-syndrome-prescription-effect-target” association and conducting high-level clinical trials and real-world studies.
乙型肝炎 / 肝纤维化 / 抗肝纤维化药(中药) / 治疗学
Hepatitis B / Hepatic Fibrosis / Anti-Hepato Fibrosis Agents (TCD) / Therapeutics
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
|
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
|
| [6] |
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
Liver Disease Committee, Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis in integrative medicine practice (2019)[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2019, 35(7): 1444-1449. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.07.007 . |
| [9] |
中国中西医结合学会肝病专业委员会. 肝纤维化中西医结合诊疗指南(2019年版)[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2019, 35(7): 1444-1449. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2019.07.007 . |
| [10] |
Hepatobiliary Specialized Committee of China Association of Chinese Medicine, Liver Diseases Specialized Committee of China Medical Association of Minorities. The clinical guidelines of diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis B with traditional Chinese medicine (2018)[J]. J Clin Hepatol, 2018, 34(12): 2520-2525. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2018.12.007 . |
| [11] |
中华中医药学会肝胆病专业委员会, 中国民族医药学会肝病专业委员会. 慢性乙型肝炎中医诊疗指南(2018年版)[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2018, 34(12): 2520-2525. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5256.2018.12.007 . |
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
|
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
|
| [20] |
|
| [21] |
余学竟, 赖国权, 韦翠, |
| [22] |
|
| [23] |
陈曦, 牟璐璐, 陈丹丹, |
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
李绍民, 代立娟, 冯澜, |
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
陈星梅, 刘琴文, 李镱, |
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
孙明瑜. 基于"方证相关"理论的茵陈蒿汤类方防治肝纤维化创新研究[C]//第十六届全国中医肝胆病学术会议论文集. 2015: 20-27. |
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
孟姝, 邢尚. 经方——茵陈蒿汤的化学研究[J]. 亚太传统医药, 2009, 5(8): 173-175. |
| [32] |
|
| [33] |
杜进军, 刘惠武, 严红梅, |
| [34] |
|
| [35] |
王昆, 王凤洲, 褚春薇, |
| [36] |
|
| [37] |
|
| [38] |
吴硕, 马兴彬, 周成军, |
| [39] |
|
| [40] |
胡义扬, 刘平, 刘成, |
| [41] |
|
| [42] |
|
| [43] |
苗亮, 杨婉娜, 董晓琴, |
| [44] |
|
| [45] |
王林, 卢玮, 高玉华, |
| [46] |
|
| [47] |
卢玮, 高玉华, 王珍子, |
| [48] |
|
| [49] |
赵媛, 曹耀章, 李小鹏. 富马酸丙酚替诺福韦联合肝爽颗粒治疗慢性乙肝肝纤维化的疗效及对患者免疫功能和炎症状态的影响[J]. 海南医学, 2023, 34(10): 1383-1387. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2023.10.004 . |
| [50] |
|
| [51] |
邱榕, 陶云平, 吴迪. 肝爽颗粒联合替诺福韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的疗效分析[J]. 实用中医内科杂志, 2024, 38(5): 127-129. DOI: 10.13729/j.issn.1671-7813.Z20222144 . |
| [52] |
|
| [53] |
吴伟梯, 陈文斌, 陈晓烨. 当飞利肝宁片治疗抗精神病药物所致轻度肝功能损伤疗效观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志, 2014, 34(5): 554-555, 561. |
| [54] |
|
| [55] |
童巧霞, 吴艳艳, 徐标, |
| [56] |
|
| [57] |
张国, 张法灿, 王天才, |
| [58] |
|
| [59] |
陈佳良, 杨雪, 张群, |
| [60] |
|
| [61] |
安纪红, 倪文, 乔杰. 中药治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的疗效观察及生存质量研究[J]. 中华肝脏病杂志, 2014, 22(1): 30-32. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2014.01.007 . |
| [62] |
|
| [63] |
|
| [64] |
|
| [65] |
|
| [66] |
|
| [67] |
|
| [68] |
|
| [69] |
|
| [70] |
|
北京市自然科学基金(7252217)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |