护理学专业毕业生职业认同与发展及其影响因素的研究
姚秋丽 , 李小花 , 杨红 , 崔昕雅 , 梁婧轩 , 于鑫淼
中医教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (03) : 44 -49.
护理学专业毕业生职业认同与发展及其影响因素的研究
A study on professional identity' career development and influencing factors among nursing graduates
目的 了解护理学专业毕业生的职业认同与发展状况,比较不同群体差异,并分析影响因素,为提高毕业生职业认同提供借鉴和参考。 方法 采用便利抽样法,对某校护理学专业40年办学历程中培养的毕业生,应用一般资料调查问卷、职业认同与职业发展问卷、院校教育评价问卷开展调查。 结果 878名毕业生对护士职业评价的平均值为(4.04±0.84)分;82.8%的毕业生首次就业选择临床护理,65.6%的毕业生当前仍从事临床护理。毕业生职业认同在学历层次、毕业年数、当前是否从事临床护理工作、院校教育满意度4个方面存在群体差异,其中,院校教育满意度对护士职业认同的影响程度最大。毕业生对院校教育的整体满意度为(4.43±0.65)分,本科和专科学生认为院校教育的护理专业知识和技能、沟通协作和职业道德医学人文精神对个体发展的帮助最大;研究生则认为院校教育培养的科学研究的能力、自主学习意识和能力帮助最大。 结论 护理学专业毕业生主要从事临床护理工作,对护士职业认同度较高。院校教育满意度显著影响护士职业认同,今后可通过针对性改善院校教育来提高毕业生的护士职业认同。
Objective To investigate the professional identity and career development of nursing graduates, analyze group differences and influencing factors, and provide insights for enhancing graduates’ professional commitments. Methods By using the convenience sampling method, a survey was conducted among the graduates of the nursing program of a certain university over the past 40 years, covering general information, professional identity and career development, as well as evaluation and feedback of in-school education. Results The average score of 878 graduates’ evaluation of the nursing profession was (4.04±0.84) points; 82.8% of the graduates chose clinical nursing for their first employment after graduation, and 65.6% reamined in clinical nursing. Group differences in graduates’ professional identity were observed in four aspects: education level, years since graduation, current engagement in clinical nursing work, and satisfaction with institutional education. Satisfaction with institutional education had the greatest impact on nurses’ professional identity. The overall satisfaction score of graduates for institutional education was (4.43±0.65) points. Undergraduate and junior college students graduates identified nursing knowledge and skills, communication and collaboration abilities, as well as medical humanities and professional ethics as the most valuable aspects of their education. Postgraduate highlighted research competence, self-directed learning skills cas the most beneficial. Conclusion Nursing graduates mainly engage in clinical nursing work and have a strong professional identity. Satisfaction with institutional education can significantly affect nurses’ professional identity. In the future, targeted improvements in institutional education can be implemented to enhance the professional commitment of nursing graduates.
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北京中医药大学教育科学研究项目(XJY23026)
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