天然多糖基微针及其介导的纳米递送系统研究进展

Research progress on natural polysaccharide-based microneedles and their mediated nanodelivery systems

摘要

微针(microneedles, MNs)作为一种能够无痛穿透生物屏障的递药系统,其应用往往受到二次取针、感染风险等问题限制。天然多糖因其优异的生物相容性、可降解性及生物活性被视为可突破以上限制的新型MNs材料。天然多糖基MNs能够有效穿透生物屏障,并在真皮层逐渐降解实现药物的持续释放,已在多种疾病的治疗中显示出良好疗效。此外,天然多糖基MNs与纳米递药系统(nano drug delivery system, NDDS)联合应用的给药模式,为天然多糖基MNs的智能化、精准化发展提供了新方案。本文总结了不同来源的多糖制备MNs的性能差异,并综述多糖基MNs与NDDS联合递药的实际应用,旨在为天然多糖基MNs的深入研究提供理论依据,推动多糖基MNs在递药领域的进一步发展。

Abstract

As a drug delivery system capable of painlessly penetrating biological barriers, microneedles (MNs) are often limited in their application by issues such as the need for secondary needle removal and infection risks. Natural polysaccharides, due to their excellent biocompatibility, degradability, and biological activity, are regarded as novel MN materials that can overcome these limitations. Natural polysaccharide-based MNs can effectively penetrate biological barriers and gradually degrade in the dermis to achieve sustained drug release, demonstrating good therapeutic effects in the treatment of various diseases. Moreover, the combined application of natural polysaccharide-based MNs and nano drug delivery systems (NDDS) provides a new approach for the intelligent and precise development of natural polysaccharide-based MNs. This article summarizes the performance differences of MNs prepared from polysaccharides of different sources, and reviews the practical applications of combined drug delivery with polysaccharide-based MNs and NDDS, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for further research on natural polysaccharide-based MNs and to promote their further development in the field of drug delivery.

关键词

微针 / 天然多糖 / 纳米递送系统 / 联合治疗 / 协同增效

Key words

microneedle / natural polysaccharide / nanodelivery system / combination therapy / synergistic efficiency

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(82074025);黑龙江省自然基金资助项目(LH2024H053)