舌下片剂型药物在心、脑梗死疾病急救治疗中的研究进展

Progress in researches for sublingual tablets in emergency treatment of cardiac and cerebral ischemic infarction

摘要

心、脑梗死发病率逐年上升,疾病负担日趋加重,迫切需求有效治疗药物。心、脑缺血性梗死发病急、进展快,致死致残率高,黄金治疗时间窗内的快速救治和组织保护是改善预后和减轻疾病负担的关键。传统口服药物起效慢、首过效应显著,静脉溶栓与介入治疗受医疗条件限制难以普惠患者。舌下片吸收迅速,使用便捷,不受地域和医疗条件限制,已成为急救治疗的首选剂型。硝酸甘油舌下片革命性改变了心肌梗死急救格局,而脑梗死急救仍面临用药困难的窘境。依达拉奉右莰醇舌下片脑保护作用明确,透脑吸收迅速,可满足吞咽困难患者在院内外多场景中的用药需求。此外,在生产、运输、用药和存储等成本方面均优于注射液,具有经济性高、疗效好的特点,有望改变脑梗死急救现状。本文结合心、脑梗死疾病特征,综述舌下片剂型药物的研究进展,为心、脑梗死疾病治疗的新药研发提供新思路。

Abstract

The incidence and disease burden of myocardial and cerebral infarction is rising annually, creating an urgent need for effective therapeutic drugs. Cardiac and cerebral ischemic infarction has an acute onset and rapid progression, resulting in high mortality and disability rates. Rapid treatment and tissue protection within the golden therapeutic time window are the keys to improving prognosis and reducing disease burden. Traditional oral drugs have a slow onset and significant first-pass effect, while intravenous thrombolysis and interventional therapy are limited by medical conditions and cannot be widely accessible to patients. Sublingual tablets, with rapid absorption and convenient administration unrestricted by region or medical resources, have become the preferred dosage form for emergency treatment. Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets have revolutionized the emergency treatment landscape of myocardial infarction, whereas cerebral infarction emergency treatment still faces medication difficulties. Edaravone dexborneol sublingual tablets have demonstrated a clear cerebral protective effect with rapid brain penetration, meeting the medication needs of patients with dysphagia in various settings both inside and outside the hospital. Moreover, they are superior to injections in terms of production, transportation, administration, and storage costs, exhibiting high cost-effectiveness and good efficacy, and are expected to change the current emergency treatment situation of cerebral infarction. This article summarizes the research progress on sublingual tablets formulations based on the pathological features of cardiac and cerebral infarction, aiming to provide new ideas for drug development in the treatment for these diseases.    

关键词

依达拉奉右莰醇 / 舌下剂型药物 / 脑卒中 / 急救治疗 / 研究进展

Key words

edaravone dexborneol / sublingual dosage form / stroke / emergency medical treatment / research progress

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