类器官技术在药物研发中的研究和应用进展

Progress in research and application of organoid technology in drug research and development

摘要

药物研发是一个复杂且耗时的过程,而传统药物研究模型存在明显局限性,迫切需要建立新的模型系统。类器官是由干细胞衍生的三维组织类似物,因其出色的生理相关性而备受关注。类器官技术在疾病建模、药物筛选、毒性测试及个性化医疗领域展现出巨大应用潜力,还可与器官芯片等技术相结合,为复杂生理相关性模型构建及多器官互作研究提供了新的平台。本文综述类器官技术的发展历程及其在药物研发中的研究和应用进展,探讨类器官技术面临的挑战及发展方向,以期为药物研发的关键过程提供参考,助力推动类器官技术在药物研发中的应用和发展。

Abstract

Drug development is a complex and time-consuming process, and traditional drug research models have obvious limitations, and there is an urgent need to establish a new model system. Organoids are three-dimensional tissue analogues derived from stem cells that have attracted attention for their excellent physiological relevance. Organoid technology has shown great application potential in the fields of disease modeling, drug screening, toxicity testing, and personalized medicine, and can also be combined with organ-on-a-chip technologies to provide a new platform for the construction of complex physiological correlation models and the study of multi-organ interactions. This article reviews the development history of organoid technology and the progress in its research and application in drug development, discusses the challenges and development directions, to provide references for the key process of drug development and help promote the application and development of organoid technology in drug research and development.

关键词

类器官 / 个性化医疗 / 器官芯片

Key words

organoids / personalized medicine / organ-on-a-chip

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基金资助

药品监管科学全国重点实验室课题资助项目(2025SKLDRS0326);北京市科技计划项目课题(Z231100007223001)