To address the issues that domain generalization methods relied on data from multiple source domains for model training, while obtaining multi-operating condition data for chiller units was challenging, a fault diagnosis method was proposed for chiller units based on multi-scale domain generative network (MSDGN). First, a multi-scale encoder-decoder convolutional neural network was used to extract multi-scale features from source domain data, and learnable weight parameters were introduced to dynamically adjust the importance of features at each scale to enhance the diversity of the extended domain. Then, focal loss was applied to strengthen the penalty for semantically inconsistent samples, improving the semantic consistency of the extended domain. A combination of reverse metric learning strategies and a domain classifier was used to maximize the distribution difference between sources and extended domains, thereby achieving diversity in the training data. Finally, a domain adversarial strategy was employed to extract domain-invariant features from both the source and extended domains, and a triplet loss was introduced to minimize the distribution difference across multiple domains, enabling fault diagnosis for unknown operating conditions. By generating the extended domain, the model’s fault diagnosis performance was improved under unknown conditions. The proposed method was experimentally validated using ASHRAE 1043-RP dataset and a metro dataset from a certain city. The results on ASHRAE 1043-RP dataset demonstrate that the proposed method effectively identifies faults even when target operating conditions are unseen, achieving a maximum diagnosis accuracy of 98.19%. Results on the metro dataset indicate that the proposed method exhibits practical applicability in real-world scenarios. Compared with existing methods, the proposed approach achieves superior fault diagnosis performance.
受生成对抗网络中生成器与判别器对抗训练的启发,域对抗迁移网络(domain-adversarial training of neural networks,DANN)[22]提出特征提取器与域分类器之间进行对抗训练以提取域不变特征。域分类器用于区分特征来源,而特征提取器则用于提取域无关特征,两者之间利用梯度反转层连接,该层能够在反向传播时反转梯度方向,使得特征提取器和域分类器形成对抗训练。梯度反转层公式如下:
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