黄连属植物真菌病害研究进展
吕卉 , 伍晓丽 , 杨赞 , 赵晓 , 郑天润 , 罗钰佳 , 付新宇 , 陈大霞
草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12) : 206 -216.
黄连属植物真菌病害研究进展
Advances in research on fungal diseases of Coptis
黄连为毛茛科多年生草本,是常用药用植物。真菌病害是植物病害主要类型之一,也是影响植物生产的主要因素。目前,我国黄连种植面积约1万hm2,但对其真菌病害的研究尚不深入。为后续开展相关研究,本研究在综合国内外研究结果的基础上,系统综述了黄连属植物真菌病害及病原种类、分布、危害、发生规律、防治方法及存在问题。截至2025年,黄连属10个种上共发现32种真菌引起的40种病害,分布于6个国家10个地区,茎叶病害27种,根部病害13种。15种病害仅在国外报道,25种仅中国报道,其中重庆病害发生最多(16种)。国外对黄连属真菌病害的深入研究较少,我国主要集中在炭疽病、叶斑病、白粉病、白绢病、根腐病等几种病害,研究明确了其发病规律、危害、影响因素、防治措施等,但相关致病机制研究较少。建议重点关注影响黄连生产的主要病害,明确病原菌分类地位,加强对发生规律和机制的研究,开展病害对有效药用成分影响的研究,以及抗病品种的选育,制定安全有效的防治策略,以促进黄连生产的可持续发展。
Members of the genus Coptis, in the Ranunculaceae family, are perennial herbaceous plants commonly known for their medicinal properties. Fungal diseases are among the main types of plant diseases and they limit the production of Coptis species. The planting area of Coptis in China is approximately 10000 ha. To date, there has been limited research on its fungal diseases. To provide a background for research on the fungal diseases of Coptis in the future, we have summarized the results of domestic and international research, describing the types of diseases and pathogens, their distribution, damage, and occurrence patterns, current control methods, and other relevant problems. As of 2025, 40 diseases caused by 32 fungal species have been identified on 10 Coptis species, distributed across six countries and 10 regions. These include 27 foliar and stem diseases and 13 root diseases. Among them, 15 diseases were reported only abroad, while 25 were reported exclusively in China, with the highest number (16) in Chongqing. Research on the fungal diseases of Coptis abroad is limited. In China, studies have focused mainly on anthracnose, leaf spot, powdery mildew, southern blight, and root rot, and have described occurrence patterns, impacts, and control measures. Research on the pathogenic mechanisms remains insufficient. It is recommended to focus on major diseases affecting Coptis production, clarify pathogen taxonomy, conduct detailed studies on occurrence patterns and pathogenic mechanisms, and evaluate the effects of plant diseases on active medicinal compounds. In addition, it is important to generate new disease-resistant varieties and develop effective disease control strategies to promote sustainable Coptis production.
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重庆市自然科学基金(博士后)(cstc2021jcyj-bshX0001)
重庆市教委青年项目(KJQN202215107)
重庆市教委青年项目(KJQN202315103)
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