肿瘤电场治疗在胶质母细胞瘤中的研究进展

Advances in tumor-treating fields for glioblastoma

摘要

胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是成人中枢神经系统最为高发的恶性肿瘤之一，患者即便完成手术联合放化疗的标准治疗后复发率仍处于较高水平。肿瘤电场治疗（TTFields）是近年来用于GBM临床干预的非侵入性物理疗法，核心原理是向区域施加低强度、中频交变电场，通过干扰纺锤体微管组装等途径阻滞肿瘤细胞的有丝分裂。TTFields作为单一疗法，其疗效提升有限。因此，当前的研究重点逐步转向TTFields联合其他治疗模式。本文通过综述TTFields发挥抗肿瘤作用的核心分子机制，讨论其与化疗、放疗、免疫治疗等不同治疗方案的联合应用，分析协同增效的生物学基础与临床进展，并在此基础上明确TTFields在GBM综合治疗体系中的地位，以期为后续临床方案的优化提供参考。

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the central nervous system in adults. Even after standard treatment combining surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, its recurrence rate remains relatively high. Tumor treating fields (TTFields) is a non-invasive physical therapeutic modality newly approved for clinical intervention in GBM, and its core mechanism involves applying low-intensity, intermediate-frequency alternating electric fields to specific regions, thereby inhibiting tumor cell mitosis by disrupting spindle microtubule assembly and other pathways. As monotherapy, TTFields shows limited improvements in efficacy. Therefore, the focus of current research has gradually shifted towards combining TTFields with other treatment modalities. This review summarizes the core molecular mechanisms through which TTFields exerts anti-tumor effects, discusses its combined applications with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and other treatment strategies, and analyzes the biological basis and clinical advances of their synergistic effects. Furthermore, this study clarifies the role of TTFields in the comprehensive treatment framework for GBM, aiming to provide a reference for optimizing future clinical protocols.

关键词

胶质母细胞瘤 / 肿瘤电场治疗 / 安全性 / 联合治疗 / 综述

Key words

glioblastoma / tumor treating fields / safety / combination therapy / review

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基金资助

中央高校基本科研业务费/北京大学临床医学+X青年专项(PKU2025PKULCXQ014)