In order to explore the relationship between the dynamic compressive performance of recycled tire polymer fiber （RTPF） reinforced concrete and the distribution rule of fragment size， the impact compression tests of concrete incorporating different volume fractions of RTPF （0， 0.05%， 0.1%， 0.2% and 0.4%） were conducted using a split Hopkinson pressure bar with a diameter of 100 mm. The results indicate that the fractal dimension of concrete with different RTPF contents ranges from 1.422 to 2.401 under the strain rates of 38.2～122.2 s-1. The fractal dimension increases with the increase of strain rate， which has typical strain rate effect. The fractal dimension first decreases and then increases with the increase of RTPF content， and the fractal dimension of concrete reinforced with 0.1% RTPF is the lowest. The dynamic compressive strength and dissipated energy of RTPF reinforced concrete all increase with the increase of fractal dimension regardless of the strain rates. At the same fractal dimension， the fiber‑matrix synergistic effect is the optimum under RTPF volume fraction of 0.1%， which provides the superior enhancement in the dynamic compressive strength and dissipative energy of concrete. The relationship between the macroscopic damage and dynamic compressive properties of RTPF reinforced concrete can be established using fractal theory to obtain the optimal content of RTPF for concrete.
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