To address the challenges of complex structures and large sizes in traditional wall‑climbing robots, a novel small‑scale magnetic adsoprtion wall‑climbing robot was designed, capable of maneuvering on vertical surfaces and meeting the operational requirements in confined spaces. Based on the vibration‑driven theory, a foot structure with torsional characteristics was designed, incorporating a magnetic adsorption mechanism. A dynamic model of the wall‑climbing robot was established, and numerical simulations were performed to analyze the effect of excitation frequency and external load on the robot’s motion speed. The results indicated that the robot achieves the maximum climbing speed of 58.7 mm/s under no‑load conditions and 44.9 mm/s when carrying a load equivalent to 0.7 times its own mass. Experimental validation further demonstrated the maximum climbing speeds of 56.5 and 30.2 mm/s under no‑load and loaded conditions, respectively. Additionally, by adjusting the excitation frequency, the robot’s motion speed and direction can be effectively controlled.
SilvaM F, TenreiroJ A.A survey of technologies and applications for climbing robots locomotion and adhesion[C]//Climbing and Walking Robots.London,2010:1-22.
LeeG, KimH, SeoK,et al.MultiTrack:a multi‑linked track robot with suction adhesion for climbing and transition[J].Robotics and Autonomous Systems,2015,72:207-216.
[4]
AltafM, AhmadE, XuY R,et al.Design of a climbing robot platform with protection device[J].International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems,2017,14(4):1-14.
[5]
HuJ Y, HanX, TaoY R,et al.A magnetic crawler wall‑climbing robot with capacity of high payload on the convex surface[J].Robotics and Autonomous Systems,2022,148:103907.
[6]
ZhouQ, LiX.Experimental investigation on climbing robot using rotation‑flow adsorption unit[J].Robotics and Autonomous Systems,2018,105:112-120.
[7]
SunJ, BaumanL, YuL,et al.Gecko‑and‑inchworm‑inspired untethered soft robot for climbing on walls and ceilings[J].Cell Reports Physical Science,2023,4(2):101241.
[8]
NavaprakashN, RamachandraiahU, MuthukumaranG,et al.Modeling and experimental analysis of suction pressure generated by active suction chamber based wall climbing robot with a novel bottom restrictor[J].Procedia Computer Science,2018,133:847-854.
[9]
LaH M, DinhT H, PhamN H,et al.Automated robotic monitoring and inspection of steel structures and bridges[J].Robotica,2019,37(5),947-967.
[10]
HuangH C, LiD H, XueZ,et al.Design and performance analysis of a tracked wall‑climbing robot for ship inspection in shipbuilding[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,131:224-230.
[11]
ShiX T, XuL, XuH B,et al.A 6‑DOF humanoid wall‑climbing robot with flexible adsorption feet based on negative pressure suction[J].Mechatronics,2022,87:102889.
[12]
XuF Y, MengF C, JiangQ S,et al.Grappling claws for a robot to climb rough wall surfaces:mechanical design,grasping algorithm,and experiments[J].Robotics and Autonomous Systems,2020,128:103501.
[13]
GrayJ, LissmannH W.Locomotory reflexes in the earthworm[J].Journal of Experimental Biology,1938,15(4):507-517.
[14]
QuillinK J.Kinematic scaling of locomotion by hydrostatic animals:ontogeny of peristaltic crawling by the earthworm lumbricus terrestris[J].Journal of Experimental Biology,1999,202(5):661-674.
[15]
van GriethuijsenL I, TrimmerB A.Locomotion in caterpillars[J].Biological Reviews,2014,89(3):656-670.
[16]
JayneB C, DavisJ D.Kinematics and performance capacity for the concertina locomotion of a snake (coluber constrictor)[J].Journal of Experimental Biology,1991,156(1):539-556.
[17]
Chernous koF L.On the motion of a body containing a movable internal mass[J].Doklady Physics,2005,50(11):593-597.
[18]
FangH B, XuJ.Dynamics of a mobile system with an internal acceleration‑controlled mass in a resistive medium[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2011,330(16):4002-4018.
[19]
ChernouskoF L.On the optimal motion of a body with an internal mass in a resistive medium[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2008,14(1/2):197-208.
[20]
MajewskiT, SzwedowiczD.Locomotion of a Mini Bristle Robot With Inertial Excitation[J].Journal of Mechanisms and Robotics,2017,9(6):061008.
[21]
GuoB Y, LiuY, BirlerR,et al.Self‑propelled capsule endoscopy for small‑bowel examination:proof‑of‑concept and model verification[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2020,174:105506.
[22]
YanY, LiuY, PáezC J,et al.Proof‑of‑concept prototype development of the self‑propelled capsule system for pipeline inspection[J].Meccanica,2018,53(8):1997-2012.
GuoYu‑liang, GuoRui, TangChen‑wei,et al.Motion mechanism and test study of vibration driven robot with external fins[J].Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science),2023,44(10):1448-1454.
[25]
YaguchiH, ItohY.Vibration actuator system with small‑scale size capable of visual inspection of large complex iron structures[J].Applied Sciences,2021,11(16):7467.