In order to explore the influence of side spray position on thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), a nitrogen and water two-phase flow ultra-fine water mist (NWM) test platform was set up. By changing the position of NWM applied on the side of LIB module, the cooling, thermal radiation attenuation and asphyxiation effects of NWM at different side injection locations, and the dominant mechanism of NWM inhibiting runaway thermal propagation of lithium-ion batteries at different locations were compared and analyzed. The results show that flame can promote the thermal runaway propagation of LIB module. The effect of NWM applied at the pole position on LIB module thermal runaway propagation is more significant, and the smothering and attenuating flame thermal radiation play a leading role. When NWM is applied in the middle position, the dominant mechanism to inhibit runaway thermal propagation is to cool the surface temperature of the LIB module.
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