Thermocouples are widely used temperature sensors in the industrial field. The material composition and performance of thermocouples directly affect the accuracy of temperature measurements. Verifying the performance degradation and accuracy is challenging without the assistance of external equipment, such as standard instruments. Therefore, a novel method for assessing thermocouple performance degradation was proposed. The intelligent transmitter automatically recorded both the temperature and internal resistance during the normal temperature measurement process of thermocouples. The degradation performance of the thermocouple was modeled by analyzing the internal resistance and its extended characteristics. By exploring the relationship between internal resistance and the thermocouple’s health status, the health index could be derived, enabling the detection and self-diagnosis of the thermocouple’s operational status and the prediction of its remaining useful life. This approach lays a solid foundation for the development of intelligent thermocouple temperature measurement instruments with life prediction and other functions.
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