There are issues such as deviation of the moving platform’s rotation center and limited compatibility with rigid actuation mechanisms in exoskeleton-based wearable robots for lumbar rehabilitation. To solve these problems, a 4SPS/RRR cable-driven parallel robot with springs for lumbar rehabilitation was proposed. First, based on the type synthesis principle of screw theory, a robot structure was configured and selected to align with the anatomical characteristics and motion requirements of the lumbar region. Secondly, the layout and key structural parameters of the mechanism were optimized by incorporating motion/force transmission performance indices. Finally, the workspace and stiffness characteristics of the optimized mechanism were analyzed. The study shows that the robot, through biomimetic drive and constraint optimization, effectively resolves motion deviation and secondary injury risks of traditional robots. Moreover, the optimization of structural parameters ensures design rationality, facilitating precise and efficient rehabilitation training for patients.
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