1.School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China
2.Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Frontier Technologies of Low-Carbon Steelmaking,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China
3.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China
高炉炼铁工序是中国钢铁行业节能降碳的关键环节.然而,庞大的操作参数和复杂的黑箱冶炼机理为高炉操作优化带来了巨大挑战.为此,以某钢厂4 700 m3高炉为研究对象,基于数据与机理融合驱动的高炉仿真模型,构建了以高炉炼铁工序能耗和碳排放最小化为目标的多目标优化模型,并采用粒子群优化算法与帕累托前沿方法对其进行求解,从而评估该高炉在实际运行条件下的极限能耗与碳排放水平.结果表明,优化后吨铁水烟气、高炉渣和煤气的余热发生量分别下降了20.76,17.22和8.71 MJ.此外,热风炉热效率提升了4.23%.最终,优化后的高炉炼铁工序吨铁水能耗及其碳排放分别降至370.77 kg标煤和624.46 kg,相较于基准工况分别降低了7.80 kg标煤和24.94 kg.
Abstract
The blast furnace ironmaking process is a crucial stage for energy conservation and carbon emission reduction in China’s steel industry. However, the massive operating parameters and complex black-box smelting mechanisms pose significant challenges to the operation optimization of blast furnaces. To this end, a 4 700 m3 blast furnace in a steel plant was taken as the research object. Based on a blast furnace simulation model driven by the integration of data and mechanisms, a multi-objective optimization model aiming at minimizing the energy consumption and carbon emission of the blast furnace ironmaking process was constructed. Then, the model was solved by the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the Pareto front method to evaluate the limit levels of energy consumption and carbon emission of the blast furnace under actual operating conditions. The results indicate that after optimization, the waste heat generation amounts of flue gas, slag, and blast furnace gas per ton of hot metal decrease by 20.76, 17.22, and 8.71 MJ, respectively. In addition, the thermal efficiency of the hot blast stove increases by 4.23%. Ultimately, the energy consumption and carbon emission per ton of hot metal of the optimized blast furnace ironmaking process are reduced to 370.77 kgce and 624.46 kg, respectively, representing decreases of 7.80 kgce and 24.94 kg compared with the baseline conditions, respectively.
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